Abdominal Helical CT: Evaluation of Optimal Doses of Intravenous Contrast Material—A Prospective Randomized Study

Yamashita, Yasuyuki; Komohara, Yasuyuki; Takahashi, Manabu; Uchida, Masafumi; Hayabuchi, Naofumi; Shimizu, Tadafumi; Narabayashi, Isamu

doi:10.1148/radiology.216.3.r00se26718

Cited by 220 publications

(118 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Patients with suspected bowel obstruction did not require oral contrast because they usually have air and fluid within the bowel to provide negative contrast. Positive contrast agents containing 76% w/v iodine diluted in one litre of water were administered via rectum in cases suspected for colonic pathology or in patients with unopacified bowel loops in pelvis.Non-ionic iodinated contrast materials were preferred for IV administration (typical dose 100ml of Omnipaque 350, children 2-2.5ml/kg of IV contrast medium) [7]. The diagnosis as benign or malignant lesion was confirmed by cytology or histopathology of any biopsy or surgical specimen.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Bowel Wall Thickening by Computed Tomography to Differentiate Benign from Malignant Lesions

Tapasvi

Prajapati

Madhok

et al. 2014

JCDR

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Bowel Wall Thickening by Computed Tomography to Differentiate Benign from Malignant Lesions

Tapasvi

Prajapati

Madhok

et al. 2014

JCDR

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“…The contrast effect may vary depending on technical factors, including the iodine dose, concentration, volume, injection speed, and iodine delivery rate as well as patientrelated factors such as body size, age, and cardiac output [9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As an indicator of scattering of T max in each group, we compared the coefficient of variation (CV; SD/mean × 100%) for each group. The duration for which hepatic contrast enhancement persisted (at greater than 60 HU) was measured [9]. Statistic analysis was performed using the paired t-test.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison Between Injection Speed and Iodine Delivery Rate in Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography (CT) for Normal Beagles

Tateishi

Kishimoto

Shimizu

et al. 2008

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. The purpose of this study was to compare between the injection speed and iodine delivery rate in order to establish a concept for reproducible contrast timing in contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) for small animals. Clinically healthy beagle dogs were administered a nonionic iodinate contrast medium at a dose of 800 mgI/kg; they were divided into 3 groups (n=5, crossover method): in one group, the injection speed was fixed at 1.0 ml/sec, and in the second and third groups, the iodine delivery rate was fixed (the injection durations were 30 and 60 sec, respectively). The variation in scatter of the time to aortic and hepatic peak enhancement in the fixed iodine delivery groups was lower than that in the fixed injection speed group. These results suggest that in contrast-enhanced CT for small animals, the contrast medium should be injected at a fixed iodine delivery rate in order to provide reproducible contrast timing. KEY WORDS: canine, contrast medium, CT, injection speed, iodine delivery rate.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 70(10): 1027-1030, 2008 Computed tomography (CT) was first introduced in veterinary medicine in the 1980s [3]. The performance of CT improved thereafter, with a shorter scan time and better imaging quality, and CT is now one of the most valuable diagnostic tools, especially for oncological diseases [7]. In abdominal CT, contrast examination is quite important, since it differentiates between abnormal masses and normal tissue by indicating blood flow or vascular permeability, thereby providing diagnostic information. In human medicine, contrast studies with abdominal CT are considered useful in more than 95% cases for the diagnosis of mass lesions [6].The iodine concentration decreases soon after injection of intravenous contrast medium, because it is diluted in the vessels, distributed in the entire body, and excreted from the kidneys. Thus, the contrast effect is influenced by the time of scanning in that an optimal scan timing provides the greatest contrast enhancement. While a detailed contrastenhanced CT protocol is well established in human medicine, there are very few standards for the contrast enhancement protocol in small animals. The injection speed (in terms of ml/sec) is often standardized, but the iodine delivery rate is rarely set. Different volumes of contrast medium may alter the injection duration, and it may be difficult to set an appropriate scan timing. This study focused on the injection speed and iodine delivery rate in the case of normal beagles in order to establish a concept for reproducible contrast timing in contrast-enhanced CT for small animals. MATERIALS AND METHODSFive clinically healthy beagle dogs (3-5 years old, 8.9-15.4 kg) were used in a crossover method, and the experiments were performed following the guidelines of the institutional policies for veterinary clinical investigations. The animals were starved for 12 hr before the CT study. A physical examination was conducted, and the complete blood count and serum chemistry profile (blood urea nitrogen,...

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“…Studies of occupational exposure to radiation have provided some direct estimates of the risk at lower doses for adults. Undergoing 2 to 3 abdominal CTs over a person's lifetime can increase the possibilities to develop cancer [10][11][12][13][14].Relatively fewer data describe how much radiation is received through the most common types of CT examinations for abdomen-pelvic area when applied in clinical practice, as most published studies focused on phantom studies.…”

Section: Issn: 2320-5407mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In scanner B; they were 60 (±14.5), 120(±0)and 1(±0). The median effective dose for patients between multiphase abdomen-pelvic scan of both MDCT, a significant difference (P<0.05) was observed.Multiphase abdomen -pelvic scan of clinical study shows significant variation of effective dose with reference level of phantom studies (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14) and it is highly depend on type of vendors.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation Dose and Associated Exposure Parameters in Selected MDCT Scanners in Multiphase Scan of Abdomen- Pelvic Region: A Clinical Study.

Sathyathas¹,

Herath²,

Amalraj³

et al. 2017

IJAR

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We sought to estimate the radiation dose and associated exposure parameters in the multiphase abdomen -pelvic scan of Multidetector Computed Tomography (MDCT) studies in clinical practice. This was a retrospective cross sectional study describing radiation dose associated with main exposure parameters in diagnostic multiphase abdomen -pelvic scans performed on 152 consecutive patients by two different sixteen (16) slice CT scanners. Patient information, exposure parameters of CTDI (volume) , DLP, kVp, mAs and pitch were recorded for every phases of abdomen-pelvic study from dose report of MDCT scanners. Patient age range from 18 to 87 years. Overall CTDI (volume) median was 63.8 (±10.4)mGy for multiphase abdominal-pelvic scan with scanner A while it was 35.4 (±15.6)mGy for scanner B. Effective dose for patients in multiphase abdomen -pelvic CT scan range from 8.2 mSv to 58 mSv. Median effective dose for patients, who underwent multiphase abdomen-pelvic scan with scanner A and B were 38.5 (± 8.2) mSv and 21.3 (± 8.6) mSv respectively. Median value of exposure parameters of mAs, kVp and pitch were 150 (±29.7), 130 (±15.3) and 1.3 (±0

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Abdominal Helical CT: Evaluation of Optimal Doses of Intravenous Contrast Material—A Prospective Randomized Study

Abstract: When dose was tailored to patient weight, the use of 2.0-2.5 mL/kg of intravenous contrast material produced better results than did 1.5 mL/kg or a fixed dose. Arterial enhancement did not differ among the 2.0 mL/kg, 2.5 mL/kg, or fixed-dose groups.

Cited by 220 publications

References 20 publications

Evaluation of Bowel Wall Thickening by Computed Tomography to Differentiate Benign from Malignant Lesions

Evaluation of Bowel Wall Thickening by Computed Tomography to Differentiate Benign from Malignant Lesions

A Comparison Between Injection Speed and Iodine Delivery Rate in Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography (CT) for Normal Beagles

Radiation Dose and Associated Exposure Parameters in Selected MDCT Scanners in Multiphase Scan of Abdomen- Pelvic Region: A Clinical Study.

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