Abdominal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pseudocyst presented with inferior vena caval obstruction and hydronephrosis

Abstract

Children who require CSF shunting may suffer from associated developmental delay and are frequently unable to communicate their symptomatic complaints. This case illustrated the importance of a heightened clinical suspicion in managing these patients in whom shunt failure may present with subtle and obscure signs of lower body venous congestion.

A Giant Abdominal Cerebrospinal Fluid Pseudocyst

“…The peritoneum is not the only site of collection formation; cases with CSF collections have also been reported in subcutaneous cellular tissue, in the breast after breakage and migration of the distal portion of the catheter, in the neck because of perforation of the shunt after jugular catheterization and the liver is another unusual site of pseudocyst formation [15]. Children with ACP typically present with symptoms of shunt malfunction such as headache, nausea and vomiting as opposite to adult patients who present with abdominal signs [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. In the present report, signs of high intracranial pressure were the main complaints for referral.…”

“…entriculoperitoneal Shunt (VPS) is the most commonly used procedure to relieve hydrocephalus. Extracranial complications that are associated with the distal segment of the peritoneal shunt are infection, omental clogging, abdominal visceral perforation, bowel obstruction, extra peritoneal retraction of the catheter, development of incisional hernia, abdominal CSF containing pseudocyst and subcutaneous collection of CSF [1,2]. Abdominal CSF Pseudocyst (ACP) is characterized by a fluid filled collection of CSF in the peritoneal cavity containing the distal end of the VPS catheter and is surrounded by a wall composed of fibrous tissues without an epithelial lining [1].…”

Intraperitoneal cerebrospinal fluid pseudocyst with ventriculoperitoneal shunt

“…Abdominal complications include bowel obstruction and perforation, peritonitis, volvulus, ileus, and APC. [ 8 9 ] APC is an uncommon complication of VP shunt. [ 10 ] The pathogenesis of CSF pseudocysts is still controversial.…”

Abdominal cerebrospinal fluid pseudocyst occurring 21 years after ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement: a case report

“…This complication is characterized by the collection of cerebrospinal fluid in the peritoneal cavity containing the distal end of the VPS catheter and is surrounded by a wall composed of fibrous tissue without an epithelial lining. This complication is extremely rare in adults [1,2,4], with most cases reported in children [3,6-8]. Here we present a case of abdominal cerebrospinal fluid pseudocyst that occurred 21 years after VPS placement and appears to be the longest interval reported until date in the English literature.…”

“…Various extracranial complications of VPS may be seen, such as tube disconnection, infection, omental clogging, abdominal visceral perforation, and bowel obstruction [1-3]. Abdominal cerebrospinal fluid pseudocyst is a rare but important complication of VPS, with its incidence ranging from less than 0.33% to 6.8% [1-6].…”