Abdominal and erector spinae muscle activity during gait: the use of cluster analysis to identify patterns of activity

White, Stephen G.; McNair, Peter

doi:10.1016/s0268-0033(02)00007-4

Cited by 71 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Under normal circumstances, walking is a highly flexible and adaptive activity that is continuously altered so as to meet both environmental and internal requirements. In normal walking, coordinated patterns of trunk and pelvis rotations and trunk muscle activity are important for the maintenance of dynamic equilibrium, to reduce the energy cost and to effectively deal with perturbations during locomotion [48,52,62,64].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of chronic low back pain on trunk coordination and back muscle activity during walking: changes in motor control

et al. 2005

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Low back pain (LBP) is often accompanied by changes in gait, such as a decreased (preferred) walking velocity. Previous studies have shown that LBP diminishes the normal velocity-induced transverse counter-rotation between thorax and pelvis, and that it globally affects mean erector spinae (ES) activity. The exact nature and causation of these effects, however, are not well understood. The aim of the present study was to examine in detail the effect of walking velocity on global trunk coordination and ES activity as well as their variability to gain further insights into the effects of non-specific LBP on gait. The study included 19 individuals with non-specific LBP and 14 healthy controls. Gait kinematics and ES activity were recorded during treadmill walking at (1) a self-selected (comfortable) velocity, and (2) sequentially increased velocities from 1.4 up to maximally 7.0 km/h. Pain intensity, fear of movement and disability were measured before the experiment. The angular movements of thorax, lumbar and pelvis were recorded in three dimensions. ES activity was recorded with pairs of surface electrodes. Trunk-pelvis coordination and mean amplitude of ES activity were analyzed. In addition, invariant and variant properties of trunk kinematics and ES activity were studied using principal component analysis (PCA). Comfortable walking velocity was significantly lower in the LBP participants. In the transverse plane, the normal velocity-induced change in pelvis-thorax coordination from more in-phase to more antiphase was diminished in the LBP participants, while lumbar and pelvis rotations were more in-phase compared to the control group. In the frontal plane, intersegmental timing was more variable in the LBP than in the control participants, with additional irregular movements of the thorax. Rotational amplitudes were not significantly different between the LBP and control participants. In the LBP participants, the pattern of ES activity was affected in terms of increased (residual) variability, timing deficits, amplitude modifications and frequency changes. The gait of the LBP participants was characterized by a more rigid and less variable kinematic coordination in the transverse plane, and a less tight and more variable coordination in the frontal plane, accompanied by poorly coordinated activity of the lumbar ES. Pain intensity, fear of movement and disability were all unrelated to the observed changes in coordination, suggesting that the observed changes in trunk coordination and ES activ- Eur Spine J (2006) 15: 23-40

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of chronic low back pain on trunk coordination and back muscle activity during walking: changes in motor control

et al. 2005

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“…Principal component analysis (PCA) was used in [8] to identify muscle activation patterns using surface EMG, and in [9] to assess gait normality in children using sagittal plane joint data. Additional examples include [10] who employed cluster analysis to identify abdominal and erector spinae muscle activity patterns, and [11] who used linear discriminant analysis (LDA) to differentiate between normal and flat foot subjects through the use of force measurements. Furthermore, wavelets coupled with a kinematic model were used in [12] for detecting postural and walking patterns in the elderly, while [13] applied fuzzy logic to the detection of gait events in functional electrical simulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automated Design of Robust Discriminant Analysis Classifier for Foot Pressure Lesions Using Kinematic Data

Goulermas

Findlow

Nester

et al. 2005

IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng.

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Abstract-In the recent years, the use of motion tracking systems for acquisition of functional biomechanical gait data, has received increasing interest due to the richness and accuracy of the measured kinematic information. However, costs frequently restrict the number of subjects employed, and this makes the dimensionality of the collected data far higher than the available samples. This paper applies discriminant analysis algorithms to the classification of patients with different types of foot lesions, in order to establish an association between foot motion and lesion formation. With primary attention to small sample size situations, we compare different types of Bayesian classifiers and evaluate their performance with various dimensionality reduction techniques for feature extraction, as well as search methods for selection of raw kinematic variables. Finally, we propose a novel integrated method which fine-tunes the classifier parameters and selects the most relevant kinematic variables simultaneously. Performance comparisons are using robust resampling techniques such as Bootstrap 632+ and k-fold cross-validation. Results from experimentations with lesion subjects suffering from pathological plantar hyperkeratosis, show that the proposed method can lead to 96% correct classification rates with less than 10% of the original features.

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“…Interestingly, this study [19] identified the presence of two patterns of activity for obliquus internus abdominis, obliquus externus abdominis and rectus abdominis and of three patterns of activity for lumbar erector spinae. In fact, the authors showed that obliquus internus abdominis has a relatively constant low level activity in most of subjects investigated (64 %) and a biphasic pattern of activity, with maximum values occurring during mid to late stance phase of each leg, in the 36 % of subjects.…”

Section: Authors Muscle Obliquus Internus Abdominismentioning

confidence: 63%

“…In order to identify the possible variations in both patterns and amplitude of electromyographic activity of trunk muscles, a different methodological study [19] was performed by a cluster analysis of abdominal and erector spinae muscle activity during gait, in a large group of normal adult subjects. Interestingly, this study [19] identified the presence of two patterns of activity for obliquus internus abdominis, obliquus externus abdominis and rectus abdominis and of three patterns of activity for lumbar erector spinae.…”

Section: Authors Muscle Obliquus Internus Abdominismentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological Electromyographic Activation Patterns of Trunk Muscles During Walking

Cioni¹,

Pisasale²,

Abela³

et al. 2010

TOREHJ

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Abstract:It is well known that, in spite of its crucial role in the posture, locomotion and voluntary movements, trunk has received less consideration from researchers than upper and lower limbs. On the other hand, rehabilitative interventions of patients with upper motoneuron syndrome have always been focused firstly on treatment and recovery of trunk's posture during standing, sitting and walking.Trunk is a complex anatomical structure and it is composed by a large variety of bones, articulations, ligaments and muscles. From a functional point of view, trunk muscles have been subdivided into two systems: a local system which ensures stability and a global system which enables movements. Muscles of these two systems work by eccentric and concentric contractions, according to the functional needs.Surprisingly, in the literature are reported only a few studies regarding the trunk muscle activations during walking. These studies investigated the electromyographic activation patterns in different experimental conditions as walking on a walkway, over a treadmill at different velocities, in water or in deep-water. Furthermore, data analysis was differently performed by analyzing the qualitative and quantitative features of timing and amplitude of electromyographic recordings for each muscle or by other more sophisticated methods as cluster analysis or principal components analysis. Finally, some variability has been observed in the normal population also including sex differences. The aim of this review is to show the state of art of this topic, in normal subjects.

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Abdominal and erector spinae muscle activity during gait: the use of cluster analysis to identify patterns of activity

Cited by 71 publications

References 22 publications

Effects of chronic low back pain on trunk coordination and back muscle activity during walking: changes in motor control

Effects of chronic low back pain on trunk coordination and back muscle activity during walking: changes in motor control

Automated Design of Robust Discriminant Analysis Classifier for Foot Pressure Lesions Using Kinematic Data

Physiological Electromyographic Activation Patterns of Trunk Muscles During Walking

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