Abalone: The Emerging Development of Commercial Cultivation in the United States

Hooker, Neal; Morse, Daniel E.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-1503-2_9

Cited by 24 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…When the animals were exposed to air immediately after transportation, high mortality due to stress was noted. The routine methods of spawning inducement, such as using hydrogen peroxide (Morse et al, 1979;Morse, 1984;Hooker and Morse, 1985) and UV irradiation (Kikuchi and Uki, 1974), were not tried in H. varia due to the success of the desiccation method. As reported in the tropical abalone Haliotis asinina (Capinpin and Hosoya, 1995), H. varia mostly spawned during evening or night hours, probably due to the lower temperature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed production and juvenile rearing of the tropical abalone Haliotis varia Linnaeus 1758

Najmudeen

Victor

2004

Aquaculture

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Spawning, larval and juvenile rearing of the tropical abalone Haliotis varia L. were studied. Brood stock abalone were induced to spawn by exposure to air for 2 h at 27 jC. Female abalone spawned a mean of 76,530 eggs. Fertilised eggs measured 180 Am in diameter. Seventy percent survival was obtained during larval rearing. Larvae passed trochophore, veliger, gliding and creeping stages and were induced to settle on a mat of diatoms containing Nitszchia sp. and Navicula sp. The larval rearing period of H. varia ranged from 4 to 6 days at 27 jC. The settled spat vigorously fed on the diatom mat until the 50th day of postfertilisation and coralline red algal film, until the 70th day of postfertilisation. First respiratory pore was formed on the 27th day of postfertilisation. Juvenile abalones were reared on three algal diets such as coralline red algae, green filamentous algae and Ulva lactuca from the 71st to 200th day of postfertilisation. Those fed with coralline algae showed best and consistent growth. Shell colour of juveniles was affected by diet. The present study on the production of juveniles in the hatchery is a baseline information to initiate abalone aquaculture in India and to help augment the natural population. D

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed production and juvenile rearing of the tropical abalone Haliotis varia Linnaeus 1758

Najmudeen

Victor

2004

Aquaculture

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“…Motile early juveniles of many benthic marine invertebrates are associated with structural refugia that are used only during a discrete period early in life, including lobsters (Barshaw & Lavalli 1988, Wahle & Steneck 1991, Smith & Herrnkind 1992, mussels (Bayne 1964, Petersen 1984, nudibranchs (Sarver 1979), scallops (GarciaEsquivel & Bricelj 1993), abalone (Hooker & Morse 1985), and snails (Underwood 1976, Martel & Chia 1991c, Sandt & Stoner 1993. Differential predation is often implicated as the ultimate cause of this association (Wilson et al 1987, Martel & Chia 1991c, Pohle et al 1991, Smith & Herrnkind 1992, Wahle & Steneck 1992.…”

Section: Distribution In the Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution and dispersal of early juvenile snails:effectiveness of intertidal microhabitats as refuges and food sources

Gosselin¹,

Chia²

1995

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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In Barkley Sound, British Columbia, Canada, newly hatched Nucella emarginata, a direct developing prosobranch gastropod, are almost exclusively located within 3 structurally complex microhabitats: the filamentous algae Cladophora columbiana, clusters of mussels Mytilus spp., and dense assemblages of the barnacle Semibalanus cariosus. When exposed to desiccation or predators for 4 to 5 h, mortality of hatchlings located in these microhabitats (1.7 to 36% mortality) was considerably lower than for individuals on open surfaces (99 to 100%). Also, food (prey species) in C. columbiana, mussel clusters, and S. cariosus microhab~tats was more abundant but of similar energetic value to that on open rock surfaces. The microhabitats used by early juvenile N. emarginata thus provide the double advantage of a considerably reduced risk of mortality and abundant prey. The means by which hatchlings disperse after emerging from their egg capsules were established by laboratory observations and by deployment of collectors in the field. Hatchlings do not actively initiate dispersal by drifting in the water column. Crawling is the usual means of travelling from the capsule to protective microhabitats, with hatchling crawling speed averaging only 3.7 mm min-' on smooth rock surfaces in the laboratory. The abundance and distribution of microhabitats that protect early juveniles could therefore be important determinants of the local abundance and distribution of N. emarginata populations. The use of protective microhabitats may be the key to survival through the vulnerable early juvenile period in many benthic marine organisms.

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“…Despite intense efforts by different research groups to produce juveniles in captivity, success rates have been low (Guallart et al 2013). We hypothesize that, as for other mollusks like the Haliotis sp., larvae may require the stimulation effect of specific chemical cues (Hooker and Morse 1985) like GABA, without which fewer than 1 % of larvae will eventually complete metamorphosis and survive (Morse 1984). We, thus, suggest that further aquaculture research should test the effect of GABA in P. ferruginea larval development and behavior since this compound seems to play a major role in the final stages of larval development and settlement in nature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Presence of Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (Gaba) in the Pedal Mucus of the Critically Endangered Species Patella ferruginea

2015

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Patella ferruginea is a giant patellid limpet endemic to the Mediterranean Sea. It presently is in danger of extinction, and many have called for developing conservation measures including the mass production of spats for reintroduction projects. However, so far all attempts have been relatively unsuccessful. Previous work analyzing the effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on the recruitment of patellid limpets has shown that larvae respond to the presence of this signaling molecule. This response could explain the gregarious distribution typical of this species. In the present study, we demonstrated that GABA is naturally secreted by P. ferruginea in the pedal mucus. GABA is preferentially secreted during the summer, coinciding with the reproductive resting period of the species. Further research should aim to analyze the effects of GABA on larval development and metamorphosis in order to assess its potential use to improve conservation efforts.

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Abalone: The Emerging Development of Commercial Cultivation in the United States

Cited by 24 publications

References 18 publications

Seed production and juvenile rearing of the tropical abalone Haliotis varia Linnaeus 1758

Seed production and juvenile rearing of the tropical abalone Haliotis varia Linnaeus 1758

Distribution and dispersal of early juvenile snails:effectiveness of intertidal microhabitats as refuges and food sources

Presence of Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (Gaba) in the Pedal Mucus of the Critically Endangered Species Patella ferruginea

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