Abstract:BackgroundTo date, it has been established that anxiety-depressive spectrum disorders (ADSD) increase the perception of chronic pain. ADSD, as well as immuno-inflammatory diseases, in particular ankylosing spondylitis (AS), are caused by increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Cytokines activate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system, and chronic stress factors provide a new release of cytokines with its subsequent sensitization, impairing the adaptive capabilities of the body, thereby exacerbat… Show more
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