Abstract:Background:Refractory rheumatoid arthritis (RRA) is a subtype of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), in which the sequential administration of optimal methotrexate doses in combination with glucocorticoids, and at least - two biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) with different mechanisms of action during 18-24 months does not lead to a significant decrease in the inflammatory activity of RA.Objectives:to determine the reasons for the withdrawal of TNF-α inhibitors in patients with RRA.Methods:The re… Show more
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