“…Metal-oxide clusters are a group of discrete, macromolecular materials with potential applications in diverse fields such as single-molecule catalysis, surface chemistry, and biology. − The advancement of this field, driven by nearly two centuries of scientific exploration, resulted in the description of structures ranging from simple Lindqvist, Keggin, and Dawson types to exotic sphere-, wheel-, and hedgehog-shaped polyoxometalates (POMs). − Consequently, examination of these systems provided grounds for development of structure–property relationships and design of task-specific molecules. − Actinide peroxide nanoclusters represent a relatively new subclass of POMs that are interesting due to their importance in advanced nuclear fuel cycles and for understanding the environmental mobility of actinides. , Their finite and nanoscale nature provides unique opportunities for development and validation of computational models used in the fields of geo- and actinide chemistry. − Extreme radiation fields, such as those present during a nuclear reactor failure, can potentially lead to formation of sufficient amounts of peroxide (via α-radiolysis of water) to support self-assembly of actinide peroxide nanoclusters. , Since their discovery in 2005, more than 60 unique actinide peroxide nanoclusters have been published. , …”