A zero-order basin?its contribution to catchment hydrology and internal hydrological processes

Tsuboyama, Yoshio; Sidle, Roy C.; Noguchi, Shoji; Murakami, Shigeki; Shimizu, Toshio

doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-1085(20000228)14:3<387::aid-hyp944>3.0.co;2-q

Cited by 65 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…The response of groundwater generation showed good correspondence to variation in daily rainfall rather than in P 73d . This type of groundwater in soil layers has been widely observed in various steep headwater catchments [e.g., Bazemore et al, 1994;Tsuboyama et al, 2000]. We refer to this ephemeraltype groundwater as EG in this study.…”

Section: Observationsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effects of bedrock groundwater on spatial and temporal variations in soil mantle groundwater in a steep granitic headwater catchment

Katsura

Kosugi

Mizutani

et al. 2008

Water Resources Research

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[1] We investigated processes of soil mantle groundwater generation in a granitic headwater catchment in central Japan. Two types of groundwater were observed: ephemeral-type groundwater (EG), which developed in response to rainfall events and disappeared rapidly after the events ceased, and semiperennial-type groundwater (SPG), which remained formed for more than several months. The groundwater level, chemistry, and temperature within the soil and bedrock layers indicated that the source of EG was rain or soil water, whereas the source of SPG was deep bedrock groundwater. The generation processes of soil mantle groundwater varied both spatially and temporally under the influence of the underlying bedrock. Whereas only EG was generated in upslope areas, bedrock groundwater continuously seeped into the soil layers in downslope areas to generate SPG. In middle-slope areas, an increase in the bedrock groundwater level generated SPG in soil layers, but the SPG disappeared when the bedrock groundwater level fell. Our results indicate that bedrock is important in controlling soil mantle groundwater generation and water flow processes in headwater catchments and that direct measurements of bedrock conditions are vital for clarifying the roles of bedrock in these processes.Citation: Katsura, S., K. Kosugi, T. Mizutani, S. Okunaka, and T. Mizuyama (2008), Effects of bedrock groundwater on spatial and temporal variations in soil mantle groundwater in a steep granitic headwater catchment, Water Resour. Res., 44, W09430,

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Section: Observationsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effects of bedrock groundwater on spatial and temporal variations in soil mantle groundwater in a steep granitic headwater catchment

Katsura

Kosugi

Mizutani

et al. 2008

Water Resources Research

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“…Average monthly runoff from the Upper Burdekin in the period from 1948 to 2016 ranged between 0 mm (August-October) and 45 mm (February) ( Figure 5). Although January (33 mm) and February (45 mm) have higher rainfall than March (31 mm), the runoff ratio in March (0.27) is higher than January (0.12) and February (0.20) due to higher antecedent soil moisture [57,58]. Runoff ratios are low at the start of the wet season in November and increase from December to March due to increases in soil moisture.…”

Section: Runoff Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of Hydrological Response to Rainfall at Multi Spatio-Temporal Scales in Savannas of Semi-Arid Australia

Jarihani

Sidle

Bartley

et al. 2017

Water

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Abstract:Rainfall is the main driver of hydrological processes in dryland environments and characterising the rainfall variability and processes of runoff generation are critical for understanding ecosystem function of catchments. Using remote sensing and in situ data sets, we assess the spatial and temporal variability of the rainfall, rainfall-runoff response, and effects on runoff coefficients of antecedent soil moisture and ground cover at different spatial scales. This analysis was undertaken in the Upper Burdekin catchment, northeast Australia, which is a major contributor of sediment and nutrients to the Great Barrier Reef. The high temporal and spatial variability of rainfall are found to exert significant controls on runoff generation processes. Rainfall amount and intensity are the primary runoff controls, and runoff coefficients for wet antecedent conditions were higher than for dry conditions. The majority of runoff occurred via surface runoff generation mechanisms, with subsurface runoff likely contributing little runoff due to the intense nature of rainfall events. MODIS monthly ground cover data showed better results in distinguishing effects of ground cover on runoff that Landsat-derived seasonal ground cover data. We conclude that in the range of moderate to large catchments (193-36,260 km 2 ) runoff generation processes are sensitive to both antecedent soil moisture and ground cover. A higher runoff-ground cover correlation in drier months with sparse ground cover highlighted the critical role of cover at the onset of the wet season (driest period) and how runoff generation is more sensitive to cover in drier months than in wetter months. The monthly water balance analysis indicates that runoff generation in wetter months (January and February) is partially influenced by saturation overland flow, most likely confined to saturated soils in riparian corridors, swales, and areas of shallow soil. By March and continuing through October, the soil "bucket" progressively empties by evapotranspiration, and Hortonian overland flow becomes the dominant, if not exclusive, flow generation process. The results of this study can be used to better understand the rainfall-runoff relationships in dryland environments and subsequent exposure of coral reef ecosystems in Australia and elsewhere to terrestrial runoff.

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“…Average monthly runoff from the Upper Burdekin in the period from 1948 to 2016 ranged between zero (August-October) and 45 mm (February) (Figure 6). Although January (33 mm) and February (45 mm) have higher rainfall than March (31 mm), the runoff ratio in March (0.27) is higher than January (0.12) and February (0.2) due to higher antecedent soil moisture [61,62]. Runoff ratios are low at the start of the wet season in November and increase from December to March due to increases in soil moisture.…”

Section: Runoff Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of Hydrological Response to Rainfall at Multi Spatio-Temporal Scales in Savannas of Semi-Arid Australia

Jarihani¹,

Sidle²,

Bartley³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Abstract:Rainfall is the main driver of hydrological processes in dryland environments and characterising the rainfall variability and processes of runoff generation are critical for understanding ecosystem function of catchments. Using remote sensing and in situ data sets, we assess the spatial and temporal variability of the rainfall, rainfall-runoff response, and effects of antecedent soil moisture and ground cover at different spatial scales on runoff coefficients in the Upper Burdekin catchment, northeast Australia, which is a major contributor of sediment and nutrients to the Great Barrier Reef. The high temporal and spatial variability of rainfall exerts significant controls on runoff generation processes. Rainfall amount and intensity are the primary runoff controls, and runoff coefficients for wet antecedent conditions were higher than for dry conditions. The majority of runoff occurred via surface runoff generation mechanisms, with subsurface runoff likely contributing little runoff due to the intense nature of rainfall events. At annual to seasonal temporal scales and for relatively large catchments, we could not detect a significant effect of ground cover on runoff. We conclude that in the range of moderate to large catchments (193 -36,260 km 2 ) runoff generation processes are sensitive to both antecedent soil moisture and ground cover. A higher runoff-ground cover correlation in drier months with sparse ground cover highlighted the critical role of cover at the onset of the wet season and how runoff generation is more sensitive to cover in drier months than in wetter months. The monthly water balance analysis indicates that runoff generation in wetter months (January and February) is partially influenced by saturation overland flow, most likely confined to saturated soils in riparian corridors, swales, and areas of shallow soil. By March and continuing through October, the soil 'bucket' progressively empties by evapotranspiration, and Hortonian overland flow becomes the dominant, if not exclusive, flow generation process. The results of this study can be used to better understand the rainfall-runoff relationships in dryland environments and subsequent exposure of coral reef ecosystems in Australia and elsewhere to terrestrial runoff.

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A zero-order basin?its contribution to catchment hydrology and internal hydrological processes

Cited by 65 publications

References 16 publications

Effects of bedrock groundwater on spatial and temporal variations in soil mantle groundwater in a steep granitic headwater catchment

Effects of bedrock groundwater on spatial and temporal variations in soil mantle groundwater in a steep granitic headwater catchment

Characterisation of Hydrological Response to Rainfall at Multi Spatio-Temporal Scales in Savannas of Semi-Arid Australia

Characterisation of Hydrological Response to Rainfall at Multi Spatio-Temporal Scales in Savannas of Semi-Arid Australia

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