A young lady with inflammation of unknown origin

Abstract

Takayasu’s arteritis (TAK) is a systemic vasculitis mainly affecting the aorta and its first branches. The initial presentation can be very non-specific while its sequelae can be debilitating and fatal. Apart from clinical and biochemical tests, imaging studies remain pivotal for the diagnosis of this rare disease. Delay in treatment may result in vascular stenosis, leading to morbidity and mortality. We report a case of a young woman who presented with anemia with no obvious causes. Subsequently she developed ischemic symptoms and the diagnosis of TAK was established with magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). Our case illustrates the importance of recognition of the possibility of TAK in young women who presented with non-specific systemic upset and anemia of chronic inflammation. A high index of suspicion is needed and imaging studies should be considered early. The treatment of TAK will also be briefly reviewed.