A WSN-based Monitoring System to Control Sewerage

Abstract

The sewerage is a critical infrastructure in cities because of the drainage of the urban runoff and the evacuation of the wastewater. Two types of sewerage, separated sewerage and combined sewerage, can be differentiated. In this paper, we show the application of a level sensor and a rain sensor for monitoring the separated sewerage. The level sensor is used for knowing if there is a critical level of water in the sewerage. The rain sensor is used to know if it is raining. The combination of this information allows the identification of three scenarios. These scenarios are normal situation, low drainage and illicit discharge/blockages in the pipeline. In addition, we study the use of sensors and mathematical models for monitoring the velocity of the wastewater. We concluded that the use of mathematical models is a good option for monitoring the velocity. Because with exception of the thermal sensors the other types of sensors show important gaps. The velocity is used to estimate the flow that is dumping in the water bodies. We use an ESP32 board program with Arduino IDE for data collection and sending the data to a server on the same network via Wi-Fi. The server is a computer that processes the data. We present the programming code and the ports that should be used for transmitting the data from Arduino to computer server.

IoT Innovations in Sustainable Water and Wastewater Management and Water Quality Monitoring: A Comprehensive Review of Advancements, Implications, and Future Directions

“…Other areas for improvement include the development of zero-power sensing for extended sensor lifetimes, soft-sensors for harsh conditions, and expanding sensor network coverage and distribution [94], [97]. Using thermal sensors to monitor water velocity and hydrodynamic models is also suggested as a promising approach [126]. In terms of network infrastructure and expanding sensor network coverage and distribution, LoRa can be used for long-range and large-scale implementation, and versatile interface design can leverage volt-amperometric and resistance-to-time (integral) conversion methods to ensure comprehensive data acquisition and transmission [98], [109], [111], [114].…”