A worldwide systematic review and meta-analysis of bacteria related to antibiotic-associated diarrhea in hospitalized patients

Abstract

Introduction Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) is a major hospital problem and a common adverse effect of antibiotic treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of the most important bacteria that cause AAD in hospitalized patients. Materials and methods PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases were searched using multiple relevant keywords and screening carried out based on inclusion/exclusion criteria from March 2001 to October 2021. The random-effects model was used to conduct the meta-analysis. Results Of the 7,377 identified articles, 56 met the inclusion criteria. Pooling all studies, the prevalence of Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile, Clostridium perfringens, Klebsiella oxytoca, and Staphylococcus aureus as AAD-related bacteria among hospitalized patients were 19.6%, 14.9%, 27%, and 5.2%, respectively. The prevalence of all four bacteria was higher in Europe compared to other continents. The highest resistance of C. difficile was estimated to ciprofloxacin and the lowest resistances were reported to chloramphenicol, vancomycin, and metronidazole. There was no or little data on antibiotic resistance of other bacteria. Conclusions The results of this study emphasize the need for a surveillance program, as well as timely public and hospital health measures in order to control and treat AAD infections.

Neglected Case of Human Balantidiasis: Presumed as Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhoea

“…Antibiotic-associated diarrhoea is a commonly observed side effect among patients medicated with antibiotic therapy [ 8 , 9 ]. In most cases, the diarrhoea is mild and requires no treatment; it clears up within a few days or after therapeutic completion [ 9 ].…”

“…Antibiotic-associated diarrhoea is a commonly observed side effect among patients medicated with antibiotic therapy [ 8 , 9 ]. In most cases, the diarrhoea is mild and requires no treatment; it clears up within a few days or after therapeutic completion [ 9 ]. Under this presumptive diagnosis, other protozoal infections might be neglected from the diagnostic consideration as had occurred in our case.…”

Antibiotic-associated diarrhea in polyclinic practice: optimization of management tactics and prognosis of the course

“…По данным Всемирной организации здравоохранения, ГИЭ являются одной из основных причин смерти и инвалидизации детей в возрасте до 5 лет. Распространенность ГИЭ в России, по разным данным, -от 15,6 до 38 на 1000 среди доношенных новорожденных [3].…”

“…нфекция Clostridioides difficile (CDI), ранее известная как Clostridium difficile, является во всем мире ведущей причиной ААД, которая часто возникает во время или после лечения антибактериальными препаратами [1]. Ее частота варьирует от 5% до 25% в зависимости от типа используемого антибиотика [2,3]. В последние годы от-мечается дальнейший рост ААД, ассоциированный как с внебольничной, так и внутрибольничной инфекцией [4,5].…”

Molecular characters and phylogenetic analysis of Clostridium perfringens from different regions in China, from 2013 to 2021

“…Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) continues to be a major healthcare issue, both in hospitalized patients and in the community (5). Many investigations have revealed that C. perfringens played an important role in diarrheic patients with a history of antibiotic use (6, 7). According to some studies, C. perfringens is responsible for 5 to 20% of all cases of AAD and sporadic non-foodborne diarrhea (6, 8).…”