A worldwide phylogenetic classification of the Poaceae (Gramineae) III: An update

Abstract

We present an updated worldwide phylogenetic classification of Poaceae with 11 783 species in 12 subfamilies, 7 supertribes, 54 tribes, 5 super subtribes, 109 subtribes, and 789 accepted genera. The subfamilies (in descending order based on the number of species) are Pooideae with 4126 species in 219 genera, 15 tribes, and 34 subtribes; Panicoideae with 3325 species in 242 genera, 14 tribes, and 24 subtribes; Bambusoideae with 1698 species in 136 genera, 3 tribes, and 19 subtribes; Chloridoideae with 1603 species in 121 genera, 5 tribes, and 30 subtribes; Aristidoideae with 367 species in three genera and one tribe; Danthonioideae with 292 species in 19 genera and 1 tribe; Micrairoideae with 192 species in nine genera and three tribes; Oryzoideae with 117 species in 19 genera, 4 tribes, and 2 subtribes; Arundinoideae with 36 species in 14 genera and 3 tribes; Pharoideae with 12 species in three genera and one tribe; Puelioideae with 11 species in two genera and two tribes; and the Anomochlooideae with four species in two genera and two tribes. Two new tribes and 22 new or resurrected subtribes are recognized. Forty‐five new (28) and resurrected (17) genera are accepted, and 24 previously accepted genera are placed in synonymy. We also provide an updated list of all accepted genera including common synonyms, genus authors, number of species in each accepted genus, and subfamily affiliation. We propose Locajonoa, a new name and rank with a new combination, L. coerulescens. The following seven new combinations are made in Lorenzochloa: L. bomanii, L. henrardiana, L. mucronata, L. obtusa, L. orurensis, L. rigidiseta, and L. venusta.

Biogeography, timing, and life‐history traits in the PPAM clade: Coleanthinae (syn. Puccinelliinae), Poinae, Alopecurinae superclade, Miliinae, and Avenulinae and Phleinae (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae)

“…However, because nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) evidence leaves seven other Poeae s.l. subtribes in limbo between their proposed resurrection of Aveneae, Festuceae and narrowed circumscription of Poeae (see below), Gillespie et al (2022) consider their proposal unsatisfactory and retain Poeae in the broader sense (Soreng et al, 2015b(Soreng et al, , 2022. The PPAM clade is distinct in both plastid and nrDNA analyses, yet there remains lingering doubt among agrostologists and taxonomists in general (e.g., Stace, 2020) about what might be found in the nuclear genome, beyond nrDNA, which might provide a deeper reticulate history between PPAM and other clades of Poeae s.l.…”

Phylogeny and biogeography of Calamagrostis (Poaceae: Pooideae: Poeae: Agrostidinae), description of a new genus, Condilorachia (Calothecinae), and expansion of Greeneochloa and Pentapogon (Echinopogoninae)

“…The latest summary indicates that Calamagrostis s.s. contains about 130 species worldwide, distributed principally in north temperate regions of Eurasia and North America, with a few species extending into South America (Gallaher et al, 2022; Soreng et al, 2022a). The Meridionalis group (sister to the remaining species of Calamagrostis s.s.) contains two species distributed in Central and South America, suggesting that the genus may have originated in the western hemisphere estimated at about 11.35 Ma (the age of the Agrostidinae where Calamagrostis is sister to the remaining genera in the subtribe; Gallaher et al, 2022); the tribe is sister to the Calothecinae, which are confined to South America.…”

“…Silva, Calotheca Desv., Chascolytrum Desv., Erianthecium Parodi, Lombardochloa Roseng., Microbriza Parodi ex Nicora & Rúgolo, Poidium Nees, Rhombolytrum Link (syn.— Gymnachne Parodi), Rosengurttia L.N. Silva, Trisetum brasiliense Louis‐Marie, T. bulbosum Hitchc., and possibly T. juergensii Hack (Da Silva et al, 2022; Soreng et al, 2022a). Subtribe Paramochloinae L.N.…”

“…The Agrostidinae is characterized by single‐flowered spikelets and consists of ca. 412 species (Soreng et al, 2022a). Agrostidinae includes the diverse, ecologically important, and taxonomically difficult genera Agrostis (ca.…”

A phylogeny of the Triraphideae including Habrochloa and Nematopoa (Poaceae, Chloridoideae)

“…Based on unpublished DNA sequence phylogenies (Peterson and Romaschenko, unpubl. ), Soreng et al (2022) and Gallaher et al (2022) placed Nematopoa in the Triraphideae . Therefore, the current concept of the Triraphideae consists of four genera, Habrochloa , Nematopoa , Neyraudia , and Triraphis .…”