“…A number of attempts have also been made to address the issue of ambiguity in Indonesian, particularly in the text domain. With regard to wordsense disambiguation, several studies have been conducted (Uliniansyah and Ishizaki, 2006;Faisal et al, 2018;Mahendra et al, 2018). Nevertheless, research on structural ambiguity resolution, especially in speech, is far less common, and there is a notable gap in this area.…”