A wireless haptic interface for programmable patterns of touch across large areas of the skin

Jung, Yei Hwan; Yoo, Jae-Young; Vázquez‐Guardado, Abraham; Kim, Jaehwan; Kim, Jin-Tae; Luan, Haiwen; Park, Minsu; Lim, Jaeman; Shin, Hee-Sup; Su, Chun‐Ju; Schloen, Robert; Trueb, Jacob; Avila, Raudel; Chang, Jan‐Kai; Yang, Dong; Park, Yoonseok; Ryu, Hanjun; Yoon, Hong‐Joon; Lee, Geumbee; Jeong, Hyoyoung; Kim, Jong Uk; Akhtar, Aadeel; Cornman, Jesse; Kim, Tae‐il; Huang, Yonggang; Rogers, John A.

doi:10.1038/s41928-022-00765-3

Cited by 126 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Citation information: DOI 10.1109/OJNANO.2022.3218960 applications of online social communication and robot hand control based on the skin-integrated haptic interface. What's more, Jung et al put forward a new strategy for haptic interface with the promotion of light weight and array precision to improve the strength and power efficiency of haptic engagement [85]. An amputee volunteer can adjust the force of robot hand to grasp an eggshell via 30 pressure sensors on the hand and haptic feedback interface on the upper arm.…”

Section: (A) Presents Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Materials, Designs and Applications of Skin Electronics

Yao

Yang

et al. 2023

IEEE Open J. Nanotechnol.

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As electronic devices get smaller, more portable, and smarter, a new approach of realizing electronics in thin, soft, and even stretchable style that could be worn and attached to the skin, which is called skin electronics, has emerged and attracted much attention. To achieve well compliance, extend the maximum stretchability, promote the comfortability of wearing, and make the most use of the skin electronics, researchers are making efforts in different aspects. In this review, we summarized the recent advances in categories of materials science, design strategies and novel applications. Examples of skin electronics using various functional materials including piezoelectric, thermoelectric, etc., and soft conductive materials including PEDOT: PSS-based conductive polymer, carbon nanomaterials, metal-based materials and hydrogels were given.Different mechanics design strategies for enhancing mechanical performance and comfortability design strategies for better wearing experience were introduced. Lastly, practical applications of skin electronics in fields of smart healthcare and human-machine interface were discussed.Research focused on these aspects all boosted the development of skin electronics in different dimensions, with which combined together may help skin electronics take a leap into truly ubiquitous use in our daily life.

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Section: (A) Presents Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Materials, Designs and Applications of Skin Electronics

Yao

Yang

et al. 2023

IEEE Open J. Nanotechnol.

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“…More importantly, the enlarged skin contact area as a result of conformal contact is crucial for the precise delivery of mechanical stimuli 20 . (d) The scalability of the actuator array is also important to achieve a large area coverage and more complex haptic patterns 6,36 .…”

Section: Requirements Of Skin-integrated Haptic Interfaces For Genera...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To generate mechanical sensations on the skin, existing haptic devices mostly rely on high-performance but rigid electromagnetic actuators, such as voice coils, that are bulky and impede the user's natural dexterity. With the help of stretchable strategies, overall skin conformability has been largely improved [6][7][8] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pitch size demonstrated in the literature can be as small as 13 mm, but this is not small enough for delivering haptic signals to skin areas with high spatial acuities, such as the face and hand 6 . Alternatively, soft actuators have been actively pursued to generate static and dynamic sensations [9][10][11][12] , but facing challenges in mechanical stretchability and actuation performance 7, 10, 13. Soft actuators for haptic sensations can be broadly classified into three types: electrostimulation 14 , externally force driven 6,15 , and those based on stimuli-responsive materials 16 . Electrostimulation is wellexplored for skin-like haptic devices, primarily due to its simplicity in structure 7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Skin-Integrated stretchable actuators toward skin-compatible haptic feedback and closed-loop human-machine interactions

Yao

Chen

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Skin-Integrated haptic interfaces that can relay a wealth of information from the machine side to the user side, leveraging the skin’s versatile haptic perception capabilities, are of great interest. Haptic feedback facilitates a deeper level of human-machine interactions, improves the efficiency, productivity, and safety of machine control, and enables a more immersive engagement in the virtual environment. However, existing haptic devices are not yet able to produce haptic cues that are compatible with the functionality and mechanical properties of the skin. In this work, we present the materials, structures, and applications of stretchable soft actuators for haptic feedback, which can match the perception range, spatial resolution, and stretchability of the skin. Pressure-amplification structures are fabricated using a scalable self-assembly process to ensure an output pressure beyond the skin perception threshold. Due to the minimized device size, the actuator array can be fabricated with a sufficiently high spatial resolution, which makes the haptic device applicable for all skin locations, including locations with the highest spatial acuity. The actuators can be stretched up to the elastic range of the skin without sacrificing the actuation performance. A haptic feedback system is demonstrated by employing the developed soft actuators and highly sensitive pressure sensors. Two proof-of-concept applications are developed to illustrate the capability of transferring information related to surface textures and object shapes acquired at the robot side (using sensing elements) to the user side (using haptic stimulation to the skin surface). The developed haptic feedback system lays the ground for bilateral human-machine interactions in industrial robotics, prosthetics, teleoperation, VR/AR, and other fields where haptic feedback can be beneficial.

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“…Such skin conformability can be achieved by mechanical modulus matching between the epidermal devices and living organs. [12][13][14][15] Accordingly, biocompatible hydrogels are considered promising tissue-interfacing materials owing to their mechanical moduli corresponding to those of biological tissues. [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] Although their toughness was relatively lower than that of skin tissue or typical elastomers, recent strategies of forming double interpenetrating networks through optimal combination of chemical bonds and physical entanglement of the polymeric chains can enhance the stress energy dissipation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Balanced coexistence of reversible and irreversible covalent bonds in a conductive triple polymeric network enables stretchable hydrogel with high toughness and adhesiveness

Park

Kang

Kim

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The application of soft hydrogels to stretchable devices has attracted increasing attention in deformable bioelectronics owing to their unique characteristic, “modulus matching between material and organ.” Despite considerable progress, their low toughness, low conductivity, and absence of tissue adhesiveness remain substantial challenges associated with unstable skin-interfacing, where body movements undesirably disturb electrical signal acquisitions. Herein, we report a material design of a highly tough strain-dissipative and skin-adhesive conducting hydrogel fabricated through a facile one-step sol-gel transition and its application to an interactive human-machine interface. The hydrogel comprises a triple polymeric network where irreversible amide linkage of polyacrylamide (PAAm) with alginate (Alg) and dynamic covalent bonds entailing conjugated polymer chain of poly(3,4 ethylenedioxythiophene)-co-(3-thienylboronic acid) (p(EDOT-co-TBA)) are simultaneously capable of high stretchability (1,300% strain), efficient strain dissipation (36,209 J/m2), low electrical resistance (590 Ω), and even robust skin adhesiveness (35.0 ± 5.6 kPa). Based on such decent characteristics, the hydrogel was utilized as a multifunctional layer for successfully performing either electrophysiological cardiac/muscular on-skin sensors or an interactive stretchable human-machine-interface.

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A wireless haptic interface for programmable patterns of touch across large areas of the skin

Cited by 126 publications

References 36 publications

Recent Advances in Materials, Designs and Applications of Skin Electronics

Recent Advances in Materials, Designs and Applications of Skin Electronics

Skin-Integrated stretchable actuators toward skin-compatible haptic feedback and closed-loop human-machine interactions

Balanced coexistence of reversible and irreversible covalent bonds in a conductive triple polymeric network enables stretchable hydrogel with high toughness and adhesiveness

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