Financial risk management is the core content of financial institutions' management activities, and the basic work of risk management is to measure risk. Choosing appropriate risk measurement indicators and scientific calculation methods is the basis of measuring risk correctly, and also the premise of establishing an effective risk management system. By using literature research methods, this paper collates, analyses and summarizes the theory and practice of risk measurement, points out that there are some limitations in existing risk measurement indicators, and the new risk measurement indicators should be improved in terms of good performance, easy calculation and reasonable testing. Market Risk Market risk refers to the losses that financial institutions may incur in their trading positions in the financial market due to changes in market price factors. Since the collapse of the Bretton Woods