A wearable aptamer nanobiosensor for non-invasive female hormone monitoring

Ye, Cui; Wang, Minqiang; Min, Jihong; Tay, Roland Yingjie; Lukas, Heather; Sempionatto, Juliane R.; Li, Jiahong; Xu, Changhao; Gao, Wei

doi:10.1038/s41565-023-01513-0

Cited by 63 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The proposed 3D micropyramidal polymer electrodes to improve the LoD and detection range could be further explored as a general approach toward ultrasensitive biosensing and accurate continuous monitoring of a diverse variety of substances, in which other biorecognition and sensing mechanisms (e.g. turn-on aptamer systems) 22,56 can be incorporated, as well as device engineering including portable/wearable microfluidic and electronic modules, 34,49,56 implantable systems, or AI processing. 55,57,58 Thus we believe the present concept of tip-enhanced sub-fM detection may provide insights into biosensing at micro/nanoscale interfaces and inspire technologies for clinical diagnostics and monitoring at home, real-time tracing of bioactive species in living systems, and rapid evaluation of environmental and food quality as well.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tip-Enhanced Sub-Femtomolar Steroid Immunosensing via Micropyramidal Flexible Conducting Polymer Electrodes for At-Home Monitoring of Salivary Sex Hormones

Li,

Chen,

Zhu

et al. 2023

ACS Nano

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Noninvasive testing and continuous monitoring of ultralow-concentration hormones in biofluids have attracted increasing interest for health management and personalized medicine, in which saliva could fulfill the demand. Steroid sex hormones such as progesterone (P4) and β-estradiol (E2) are crucial for female wellness and reproduction; however, their concentrations in saliva can vary down to sub-pM and constantly fluctuate over several orders of magnitude. This remains a major obstacle toward user-friendly and reliable monitoring at home with low-cost flexible biosensors. Herein we introduce a 3D micropyramidal electrode architecture to address such challenges and achieve an ultrasensitive flexible electrochemical immunosensor with sub-fM-level detection capability of salivary sex hormones within a few minutes. This is enabled by micropyramidal electrode arrays consisting of a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) thin film as the coating layer and electrochemically decorated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to improve the antibody immobilization. The enhanced mass transport around the 3D tips provided by the micropyramidal architecture is discovered to improve the detection limit by 3 orders of magnitude, pushing it to as low as ∼100 aM for P4 and ∼20 aM for E2, along with a wide linear range up to μM. Accordingly, these hormones down to sub-fM in >1000-fold-diluted saliva samples can be accurately measured by the printed soft immunosensors, thus allowing at-home testing through simple saliva dilution to minimize the interfering substances instead of centrifugation. Finally, monitoring of the female ovarian hormone cycle of both P4 and E2 is successfully demonstrated based on the centrifuge-free saliva testing during a period of 4 weeks. This ultrasensitive and soft 3D microarchitected electrode design is believed to provide a universal platform for a diverse variety of applications spanning from accurate clinical diagnostics and counselling and in vivo detection of bioactive species to environmental and food quality tracing.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tip-Enhanced Sub-Femtomolar Steroid Immunosensing via Micropyramidal Flexible Conducting Polymer Electrodes for At-Home Monitoring of Salivary Sex Hormones

Li,

Chen,

Zhu

et al. 2023

ACS Nano

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“…Aiming at these issues, significant efforts have been devoted in the design of sample harvesting modules of the wearable electrochemical sensors. Many remarkable achievements have been obtained as reported in the recent literatures [25][26][27]. However, there is little summary of the latest progress in this research direction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in the noninvasive and minimally invasive sample collection for wearable electrochemical sensors

Lu,

Yang,

Chen

et al. 2024

Electroanalysis

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“…Monitoring target binding on electrode surfaces is possible using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS); [16,[24][25][26][27] however, this technique scans through a large range of frequencies for a single measurement, which takes several minutes to complete and is not suitable for real-time monitoring. [11,[27][28][29] To meet the third condition above, we aimed at measuring electrochemical impedance at a single frequency [27,30] to monitor processes such as target binding or target-ligand dissociation or degradation directly on the electrode surface. When used with machine learning algorithms to interpret the data, real-time kinetic profiling allows us to treat each individual sample based on its own baseline and trends, compensating for the sample-to-sample variability that is encountered in clinical samples, a challenge that is often tackled by stringent washing prior to signal readout.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐Precision Viral Detection Using Electrochemical Kinetic Profiling of Aptamer‐Antigen Recognition in Clinical Samples and Machine Learning

Sen,

Zhang,

Sakib

et al. 2024

Angewandte Chemie

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High‐precision viral detection at point of need with clinical samples plays a pivotal role in the diagnosis of infectious diseases and the control of a global pandemic. However, the complexity of clinical samples that often contain very low viral concentrations makes it a huge challenge to develop simple diagnostic devices that do not require any sample processing and yet are capable of meeting performance metrics such as very high sensitivity and specificity. Herein we describe a new single‐pot and single‐step electrochemical method that uses real‐time kinetic profiling of the interaction between a high‐affinity aptamer and an antigen on a viral surface. This method generates many data points per sample, which when combined with machine learning, can deliver highly accurate test results in a short testing time. We demonstrate this concept using both SARS‐CoV‐2 and Influenza A viruses as model viruses with specifically engineered high‐affinity aptamers. Utilizing this technique to diagnose COVID‐19 with 37 real human saliva samples results in a sensitivity and specificity of both 100% (27 true negatives and 10 true positives, with 0 false negative and 0 false positive), which showcases the superb diagnostic precision of this method.

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A wearable aptamer nanobiosensor for non-invasive female hormone monitoring

Cited by 63 publications

References 46 publications

Tip-Enhanced Sub-Femtomolar Steroid Immunosensing via Micropyramidal Flexible Conducting Polymer Electrodes for At-Home Monitoring of Salivary Sex Hormones

Tip-Enhanced Sub-Femtomolar Steroid Immunosensing via Micropyramidal Flexible Conducting Polymer Electrodes for At-Home Monitoring of Salivary Sex Hormones

Advances in the noninvasive and minimally invasive sample collection for wearable electrochemical sensors

High‐Precision Viral Detection Using Electrochemical Kinetic Profiling of Aptamer‐Antigen Recognition in Clinical Samples and Machine Learning

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