A Way to Evaluate the Effects of a Changing Magnetic Field on Shielded Conductors

Fisher, F. A.

doi:10.1109/isemc.1977.7567167

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…The way an organism experiences a specific EMF, and thus the biological relevance, will depend on the species and its life stage [55]. Both the magnetic field and the iE field can serve as potentially important behavioural cues [28], [56]. When an animal is moving through a magnetic field, it simultaneously experiences the magnetic and the induced electric field [28].…”

Section: Magnetic Fields and Induced Electric Fieldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do electromagnetic fields from subsea power cables effect elasmobranch behaviour? A risk-based approach for the Dutch Continental Shelf

Hermans,

Winter,

Gill

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Subsea power cables cause electromagnetic fields (EMFs) into the marine environment. Elasmobranchs (rays, skates, sharks) are particularly sensitive to EMFs as they use electromagnetic-receptive sensory systems for orientation, navigation and locating conspecifics or buried prey. Cables may intersect with egg laying sites, foraging habitat and migration routes of elasmobranchs and the effects of encountering EMFs on species of elasmobranchs are largely unknown. Demonstrated behavioural effects are attraction, disturbance and indifference, depending on EMF characteristics, exposed life stage, exposure level and duration. We estimated exposure levels of elasmobranchs to subsea cable EMFs, based on modelled magnetic fields in the Dutch Continental Shelf and compared these to reported elasmobranch sensory sensitivity ranges and experimental effect levels. We conclude that the risk from subsea power cables has a large uncertainty and varies per life stage and species ecology. Based on estimated no-observed effect levels (from 10-3to 10-1µT) we discuss what will probably be the most affected species and life stage for six common benthic elasmobranchs in the Southern North Sea. We identify critical knowledge gaps for reducing the uncertainty in the risk assessments for EMFs effects on elasmobranchs.

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