A water and salt balance model for the polders and islands in the Ganges delta

Mainuddin, Mohammed; Maniruzzaman, Mohammed; Gaydon, Donald S.; Sarkar, Sukamal; Rahman, Md. Atiqur; Sarangi, Sukanta K.; Sarker, Khokan Kumer; Kirby, J. M.

doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2020.125008

Cited by 34 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…This results in fluctuations in river water level of up to 4.0 m. The dense networks of canals (former river distributaries) within the polders are connected to the surrounding rivers by a series of sluice gates under the embankments providing the opportunity to bring water in during high tides, or to drain water from the polders during low tides, as needed. However, water management in the polders is poor, and infrastructures are inadequate, which makes the drainage of rain water accumulated within the polders difficult 4 , 7 , 9 – 11 . Due to insufficient drainage arrangement and high rainfall (~ 2000 mm, mostly concentrated during the monsoon season), polders are prone to flooding during the wet season.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Traditionally, farms produce low-yielding local rice varieties under rainfed conditions in the wet season 11 , 22 – 24 . In the dry season, most agricultural land remains fallow due to: (1) late wet season harvesting and prolonged waterlogging (which delays the planting of Rabi crops exposing the late planted crops to high soil salinity and untimely rains during the later part of the season), and (2) the lack (or perceived lack) of good quality irrigation water for Rabi season irrigation 9 , 11 , 23 . Recent experimental studies 24 – 30 and modelling 8 , 9 , 31 shown that crop production could be increased substantially with careful soil and crop management 9 , 29 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the dry season, most agricultural land remains fallow due to: (1) late wet season harvesting and prolonged waterlogging (which delays the planting of Rabi crops exposing the late planted crops to high soil salinity and untimely rains during the later part of the season), and (2) the lack (or perceived lack) of good quality irrigation water for Rabi season irrigation 9 , 11 , 23 . Recent experimental studies 24 – 30 and modelling 8 , 9 , 31 shown that crop production could be increased substantially with careful soil and crop management 9 , 29 . The key for such enhanced production is the management of water and salinity in the polders 9 , 31 and their long-term sustainability due to impact of climate change 31 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent experimental studies 24 – 30 and modelling 8 , 9 , 31 shown that crop production could be increased substantially with careful soil and crop management 9 , 29 . The key for such enhanced production is the management of water and salinity in the polders 9 , 31 and their long-term sustainability due to impact of climate change 31 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of climate change and management strategies on water and salt balance of the polders and islands in the Ganges delta

Mainuddin

Karim

Gaydon

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Enhancing crop production, particularly by growing a crop in the typically-fallow dry season is a key strategy for alleviating poverty in the Ganges delta region. We used a polder water and salt balance model to examine the impact of several crop management, salt management and climate change scenarios on salinity and crop evapotranspiration at Dacope and Amtali in Bangladesh and Gosaba in India. A key (and unsurprising) finding is that salt management is very important, particularly at the two drier sites, Dacope and Gosaba. Good salt management lowers salinity in the shallow groundwater, soil and water storage ponds, and leads to more irrigation. Climate change is projected to alter rainfall, and this in turn leads to modelled increases or decreases in runoff from the polders, and thence affect salt concentrations in the soil and ponds and canals. Thus, the main impacts of climate change are through the indirect impacts on salt concentrations, rather than the direct impacts of the amount of water supplied as rainfall. Management practices to remove salt from polders are therefore likely to be effective in combatting the impacts of projected climate change particularly at Dacope and Gosaba.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Impact of climate change and management strategies on water and salt balance of the polders and islands in the Ganges delta

Mainuddin

Karim

Gaydon

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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show abstract

“…Water availability is often one of the key constraints to increasing productivity in agriculture [1,2]. Even tropical regions like southern Bangladesh, where annual rainfall typically exceeds 2000 mm, can suffer water shortages for several months a year [3,4]. In such regions, limited or unreliable rainfall [5] can prevent cropping [6] or greatly reduce germination, establishment and yields outside of the monsoon period [7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Assessment—How Does It Help Unpack Water Access by Marginalized Farmers?

Hamilton

Merritt

Das³

et al. 2020

Water

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Water is critical to the lives and livelihoods of rural communities in developing countries; however, access to water can be inequitable within communities. This paper uses a generalized integrated assessment approach to explore the determinants of water access by marginalized farmers in two villages in coastal Bangladesh, before and after the setup of local water institutions. The study was part of a broader project aimed at promoting socially inclusive agricultural intensification. An integrative framework was developed in this study to capture and link the diverse range of factors that influence the distribution of water, including the often-overlooked role of social dynamics and governance arrangements. While interventions around improving water resource infrastructure can be critical for freshwater availability, the case studies show that a breakdown of asymmetric power structures may also be needed for water access to all individuals, especially marginalized groups. Establishing a community-based water institution on its own does not necessarily address power issues in a community. It is imperative that the agency and capacities of the marginalized members are developed and that the institutional arrangements foster an enabling environment for marginalized members to influence decision making. Integrated assessment allowed the case studies to be explored from multiple perspectives so as to gain a greater understanding of the barriers and levers to obtaining equitable outcomes from water interventions.

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Impact of Different Tillage Systems on the Dynamics of Soil Water and Salinity in the Cultivation of Maize in a Salt-Affected Clayey Soil of the Ganges Delta

Paul

Bell²,

Barrett-Lennard³

et al. 2022

Transforming Coastal Zone for Sustainable Food and Income Security

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A water and salt balance model for the polders and islands in the Ganges delta

Cited by 34 publications

References 19 publications

Impact of climate change and management strategies on water and salt balance of the polders and islands in the Ganges delta

Impact of climate change and management strategies on water and salt balance of the polders and islands in the Ganges delta

Integrated Assessment—How Does It Help Unpack Water Access by Marginalized Farmers?

Impact of Different Tillage Systems on the Dynamics of Soil Water and Salinity in the Cultivation of Maize in a Salt-Affected Clayey Soil of the Ganges Delta

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