A vortex pair in ground effect, dynamics and optimal control

Wakim, Arnold; Brion, Vincent; Dolfi-Bouteyre, Agnès; Jacquin, Laurent

doi:10.1017/jfm.2019.1002

Cited by 7 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Wakim et al. (2017) found that once the vortex pair is influenced by the wall, the anti-symmetric mode significantly dominates the symmetric mode for . As such, only the dominant (anti-symmetric) perturbations are considered in this study.…”

Section: Linear Transient Energy Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wakim et al. (2017) examined a pair of counter-rotating Lamb–Oseen vortices interacting with a ground plane through optimal perturbation studies involving two-dimensional perturbations for a small number of time horizons. Wakim et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wakim et al. (2017) proposed two control strategies for optimal forcing of the vortex pair; one with significant gains in perturbation kinetic energies and the other employing an active blowing/suction method at the ground to maximise the lateral position of the vortices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimal growth of counter-rotating vortex pairs interacting with walls

2020

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Section: Linear Transient Energy Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimal growth of counter-rotating vortex pairs interacting with walls

2020

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“…To better understand the actual situation of the research it is interesting to consider the work done by [2], which focuses on the dynamic behavior of the vortical structures produced by airplanes during touchdown, providing valuable information regarding the different instabilities and the vortex decay process. As will be seen later, the understanding of this process is used, in some studies (Wakim et al [3] and Holzäpfel et al [4]), to reduce the mentioned instabilities and force a faster propagation of the vortices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main method being used in several references [3,[5][6][7][8] is the measurement of the vortex wake's characteristics through a Doppler LIDAR system, as explained in Smalikho et al [9]. There are some studies (see Smalikho et al [6]) where this method is used taking into account the ground effect, with the aim of increasing the precision of the results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Airplane Vortices Evolution Near Ground

Duro

Bergadà

2021

Applied Sciences

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Airport traffic around the world has sharply increased over the years; as a result, airports need to be enlarged and the landing or taking off times between two consecutive airplanes must be reduced. To precisely determine the minimum time required between two consecutive airplanes, it is essential to understand the main physical characteristics of the vortices generated under airplanes’ wings and their evolution under different atmospheric conditions. In the present paper, such information is obtained through the complex potential equation of a vortex together with the potential Bernoulli equation. The process starts with the characteristic complex potential equation, which is simplified to find the velocity potential function. Then, the temporal movement of the vortices’ central core, the velocity and pressure fields around the vortical structures and the effect of the crosswind on the vortices’ displacement, velocity and pressure fields are obtained. The paper shows how optimizing the process of measuring and calculating the vortices’ behavior could save a certain amount of time between airplanes, therefore increasing airport throughput. This paper introduces a potential flow method, which is coupled with the temporal variation of the flow circulation, to predict the vortices’ behavior and movement over time. The inclusion of circulation decay over time is employed to simulate the viscosity effect over the vortical structures. The in-house code generates results in less than one minute and needs to be seen as a tool to determine, for each airport and crosswind condition, the minimum time needed between two consecutive airplanes.

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Plate lines to enhance wake vortex decay for reduced separations between landing aircraft

Holzäpfel

Vechtel

Rotshteyn

et al. 2022

Flow

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To mitigate the risk of wake vortex encounters during final approach, so-called plate lines have been developed. Data collected during a six-month measurement campaign at Vienna International Airport are used to assess the potential for reducing minimum aircraft separations facilitated by plate lines during approach and landing following the re-categorisation (RECAT-EU) methodology for revised wake turbulence categorisation. To ensure that no other parameters controlling wake vortex decay bias the analysis, it is verified that wind speed, atmospheric turbulence, thermal stratification and flight altitude reside in similar ranges with and without the plates. The analysis follows the steps of the RECAT-EU method to generate non-dimensional so-called reasonable worst-case circulation decay curves; one as a reference for nominal operations without plates and one representing the accelerated wake vortex decay brought about by the plate lines. The difference between the two circulation decay curves corresponds to the non-dimensional time-based aircraft separation reduction potential that can be translated into distance-based separation gains. Depending on the particular RECAT-EU category combination, the attained aircraft separation reduction potential ranges between 12% and 15%. Constricting the analysis to wake vortices generated by one aircraft type representing the Upper Heavy RECAT-EU category, the separation reduction potential amounts up to 24%.

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A vortex pair in ground effect, dynamics and optimal control

Cited by 7 publications

References 46 publications

Optimal growth of counter-rotating vortex pairs interacting with walls

Optimal growth of counter-rotating vortex pairs interacting with walls

Airplane Vortices Evolution Near Ground

Plate lines to enhance wake vortex decay for reduced separations between landing aircraft

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