A volcanogenic interpretation for massive sulfide origin, West Shasta District, California

Lindberg, Paul A.

doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.80.8.2240

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…10.4): (a) a generally conformable bulbous or conical mound of massive sulfide; (b) a high ratio of mafic to felsic volcanic rocks in the footwall section (although the immediate footwall rocks may be felsic); (c) a general lack of primary, fragmental rocks and vesicular lavas, suggesting a water depth of more than 500 m for most of the footwall volcanic rocks (Gibson et al 1986); (d) a well-defined and strongly zoned chloritic-sericitic alteration pipe beneath the deposits; and (e) a lower, poorly defined, semiconformable epidoteactinolite -quartz alteration zone. Noteworthy examples of Noranda-type deposits, in addition to those of the Noranda district, include: Matagami, Quebec, Canada (Roberts 1975, Roberts & Reardon 1978, MacGeehan 1978, Costa et al 1983; Flin Flon, Saskatchewan-Manitoba, Canada (Byers et al 1965, Koo & Mossman 1975, Syme & Bailes 1993; Jerome, Arizona, USA (Anderson & Nash 1972), West Shasta, California, USA (Lindberg 1985, Albers & Bain 1985; Crandon, Wisconsin, USA (May & Schmidt 1982, Lambe & Rowe 1987; Khetri, Rajasthan, India (Patwardhan & Oka 1984); and Golden Grove and Teutonic Bore, Western Australia (Frater 1985a, b, Barley 1992). Noteworthy examples of Noranda-type deposits, in addition to those of the Noranda district, include: Matagami, Quebec, Canada (Roberts 1975, Roberts & Reardon 1978, MacGeehan 1978, Costa et al 1983; Flin Flon, Saskatchewan-Manitoba, Canada (Byers et al 1965, Koo & Mossman 1975, Syme & Bailes 1993; Jerome, Arizona, USA (Anderson & Nash 1972), West Shasta, California, USA (Lindberg 1985, Albers & Bain 1985; Crandon, Wisconsin, USA (May & Schmidt 1982, Lambe & Rowe 1987; Khetri, Rajasthan, India (Patwardhan...…”

Section: Vms Deposits 459mentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Mineral Deposits

Misra¹

2000

100

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Section: Vms Deposits 459mentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Mineral Deposits

Misra¹

2000

100

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“…It is unlikely that the relatively thin, geochemically coherent Copley-Balaklala rocks were extruded over a protracted time interval. These rocks record bimodal magmatism in a primitive, extensional island-arc setting (Lapierre and others, 1985a;Brouxel and others, 1988) where sea-floor graben formation accompanied silicic magmatism and Kurokotype massive sulfide mineralization (Lindberg, 1985).…”

Section: Eastern Klamath Beltmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleogeographic setting of upper Paleozoic rocks in the northern Sierra and eastern Klamath terranes, northern California

Miller¹,

Harwood²

1990

Geological Society of America Special Papers

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Upper Paleozoic rocks of the northern Sierra and eastern Klamath terranes provide detailed stratigraphic records of ensimatic arc-related sedimentation and magmatism. Comparison of Paleozoic stratigraphic relations between the two terranes, however, suggests certain contrasts in depositional environments and the nature, volume, and timing of volcanism for given time intervals. Some lithologic and provenance ties indicate a paleogeographic relation. Variations in stratigraphy between the two terranes and within terranes imply differences in geodynamic setting. These and regional geologic relations indicate an early and persistent paleogeographic tie between the two areas, and they further suggest that the eastern Klamath terrane may have lain outboard and trenchward of the northern Sierra terrane during much of their late Paleozoic evolution. Stratigraphic ties for mid-Permian and lower Mesozoic rocks imply a closer relation and more similar geodynamic setting during subsequent evolution.

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“…Other noncaldera submarine settings incorporating (1) subsidence in extensional, fault-bound, volcanotectonic basins, (2) passive submarine volcanism in the subaqueous basin center, and (3) resedimentation into the basin of volcaniclastic debris (including juvenile pyroclastic debris) derived from shallow-water and subaerial basin margins may be more relevant models in a number of mineralized areas. Models recently proposed by Cathles et al (1983) for the Japanese kuroko deposits, Hallberg and Thompson (1985) for the Teutonic Bore deposit, Western Australia, Lindberg (1985) and Albers and Bain (1985) for the West Shasta district, California, and Allen (1986a and 1987) for the Benambra district cover several aspects of these alternative noncaldera settings.…”

Section: Specific Paleogeographic Setting Of Mineralizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

False pyroclastic textures in altered silicic lavas, with implications for volcanic-associated mineralization

Allen¹

1988

Economic Geology

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There is strong emphasis in recent literature that Zn-Cu-Pb massive sulfide deposits associated with felsic volcanism (the kuroko-type deposits) are directly related to submarine calderas formed by large submarine pyroclastic eruptions. Altered silicic volcanic rocks with the appearance of welded and nonwelded pyroclastic flow deposits, volcaniclastic debris flows, and massive-to thin-bedded tuffaceous rocks form a major component of a Silurian succession that hosts Zn-Cu-Pb massive sulfide deposits at Benambra, southeastern Australia. However, critical evaluation of rock textures indicates that these silicic volcanic rocks are mainly lavas and associated autoclastic facies with remarkably deceptive false pyroclastic and volcaniclastic textures, including apparent pumice fiamme and glass shards. Intercalated sediments indicate that most of the silicic volcanics were emplaced in subaqueous settings ranging from relatively shallow water to deep marine.The false textures were produced mainly in originally glassy lava by the combined effects of devitrification, perlitic fracture, and pervasive hydrothermal alteration. These processes are related to the emplacement and cooling history of individual lavas and to a regional, essentially synvolcanic, hydrothermal system. Tectonic foliation of the more altered and mechanically weakened rocks has led to partial dismembering of phenocrysts and groundmass fabrics, thereby further enhancing clastic appearance. Subsequent to recognition of widespread false pyroclastic textures at Benambra, similar features have been identified in three other Australian massive sulfide districts. These results suggest that a reinvestigation of host rocks is warranted at other deposits where submarine pyroclastics are documented. Noncaldera settings combining subsidence in an extensional volcano-tectonic basin, passive submarine lava effusion within the basin, and ambient sedimentation derived from basin margins (including resedimented pyroclastic debris) may be more relevant models in a number of massive sulfide districts.

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A volcanogenic interpretation for massive sulfide origin, West Shasta District, California

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Understanding Mineral Deposits

Understanding Mineral Deposits

Paleogeographic setting of upper Paleozoic rocks in the northern Sierra and eastern Klamath terranes, northern California

False pyroclastic textures in altered silicic lavas, with implications for volcanic-associated mineralization

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