A visual experimental study: Resin-coated ceramic proppants transport within rough vertical models

Wei, Gongjue; Babadagli, Tayfun; Huang, Hai; Hou, Lei; Li, Huazhou

doi:10.1016/j.petrol.2020.107142

Cited by 21 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Proppant flowback will reduce the fracture width and fracture conductivity, reducing the treatment effect of hydraulic fracturing. The flowback of proppant can also cause damage to downhole equipment and pipelines . Curable resin-coated proppant can effectively prevent proppant flowback.…”

Section: Proppantmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review and Perspectives of Coated Proppant Technology

Liu

Huang

et al. 2023

Energy Fuels

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Conventional proppants have the problem of proppant flowback and the inability to fully distribute along long fractures. To solve these problems, coated proppants have emerged and have been successfully used in many oilfields. Polymers are widely used in the petroleum industry, and one of their functions is for proppant coatings. Polymer coatings can change the mechanical properties of the proppant, improve the fracture conductivity of the proppant, and give the proppant other properties, such as self-suspending, low-density, antiflowback, and hydrophobic properties. This paper reviews the polymers and polymer nanocomposites commonly used in proppant coatings, introduces the performance characteristics of various functional proppants, and describes the latest developments regarding coated proppants, which can be of reference for petroleum workers.

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Section: Proppantmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review and Perspectives of Coated Proppant Technology

Liu

Huang

et al. 2023

Energy Fuels

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“…Tasque has developed an ultra-lightweight proppant with a density close to 1 g/cm 3 , and it is proved that it has similar conductivity to standard natural sand through the evaluation of its conductivity . Improving the proppant transport capacity is a purpose of developing special performance proppants, so it is necessary to evaluate the transport and placement performance of new proppants. Guo evaluated the solubility, wettability, and high-temperature deformation properties of coated proppant and compared the transport properties of coated proppants .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study on the Transport Law of Different Fracturing Granular Materials in Fracture

Guo

et al. 2022

Energy Fuels

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Hydraulic fracturing is an important technology for the development of unconventional oil and gas. The complexity and filling of fractures are important factors for determining the fracturing effect. In order to control the fracture shape and improve the filling of the fracture, it is necessary to inject granular materials such as a temporary plugging agent (TPA) and special performance proppant into the fracture. Understanding the transport law of these granular materials in the fracture can guide us to optimize the fracturing scheme and improve the fracturing effect. In this paper, we studied the transport characteristics of granular TPA, floating agent, new coated quartz sand, micron proppant, ultra-low-density (ULD) proppant, and conventional quartz sand based on the large visual granular transport equipment. The results show that when the TPA of different sizes is injected successively to plug fractures, 20 mPa•s fracturing fluid is suggested for carrying 16/20 mesh TPA in the early stage, and slickwater is suggested for carrying 40/60 mesh TPA in the later stage. The methods of stopping the pump many times with low floating agent concentration or stopping the pump once with high concentration are two ways to realize that the floating agent is laid in the upper part of the fracture to form an artificial barrier. When the injection rate is large, we can only choose the latter. In slickwater, the newly coated quartz sand produces bubbles on its surface and adsorbs each other, which enhances its transport capacity and reduces the amount of sand used. Micron proppant and ULD proppant have the characteristics of less settlement in the major fracture and more settlement in the branched fracture, so they are suitable for filling branched fractures.

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“…The behaviours of the proppant settlement, stratified flow and inception of settled particles in low-viscosity fracturing fluid have been characterized numerically based on experimental tests (Gadde et al, 2004;Wei et al, 2020;Zhao et al, 2019), which are the essential features of proppant transport. The recent trend of the proppant transport research is to bring in more realistic subsurface scenarios by replacing the single smooth-panel fracture with artificial-coarse fracture networks (Manchanda et al, 2020;Raki Sahai and Moghanloo, 2019;Tong and Mohanty, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating essential features of proppant transport at engineering scales combining field measurements with machine learning algorithms

Hou¹,

Wang²,

Geng³

2022

Preprint

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The behaviours of the particle settlement, stratified flow and inception of settled particles are essential features that determine the proppant transport in low-viscosity fracturing fluids. Although great efforts have been made to characterize these features, limited research work is performed at field scales. To test the laboratory outcomes, we propose a machine-learning-based workflow to evaluate the essential features using the measurements obtained from shale gas fracturing wells. Over 430,000 groups of fracturing data (1 s time interval) are collected and pre-processed to extract the particle settlement, stratified flow and inception features during fracturing operations. The GRU and SVM algorithms, trained by these features, are applied to predict fracturing pressure. Error analysis (the root mean squared error, RMSE) is carried out to compare the contributions of different features to the pressure prediction, based on which the features and the corresponding calculations are evaluated. Our result shows that the stratified-flow feature (fracture-level) possesses better interpretations for the proppant transport, in which the Bi-power model helps to produce the best predictions. The settlement and inception features (particle-level) perform better in cases where the pressure fluctuates significantly. The features characterize the state of proppant transport, based on which the development of subsurface fracture is also analyzed. Moreover, our analyses of the remaining errors in the pressure-ascending cases suggest that (1) an introduction of the alternate-injection process, and (2) the improved calculation of proppant transport in highlyfilled fractures will be beneficial to both experimental observations and field applications.

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A visual experimental study: Resin-coated ceramic proppants transport within rough vertical models

Cited by 21 publications

References 19 publications

Review and Perspectives of Coated Proppant Technology

Review and Perspectives of Coated Proppant Technology

Experimental Study on the Transport Law of Different Fracturing Granular Materials in Fracture

Evaluating essential features of proppant transport at engineering scales combining field measurements with machine learning algorithms

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