A Visible Light-Cross-Linkable, Fibrin–Gelatin-Based Bioprinted Construct with Human Cardiomyocytes and Fibroblasts

Abstract

A.K. and M.A. performed the experiments repeatedly and collected and analyzed the data. L.A. and S.W. prepared and provided the fibrinogen solutions in varying concentrations and provided technical inputs. S.A.K., M.A., and B.J. wrote the manuscript and prepared all the figures. S.C.A. and L.S. performed rheology and analyzed the resultant data. V.T. and M.C. facilitated the CM and CF cultures, cell coupling experiments, and their microscopic imaging along with images and writing of relevant sections in the manuscript. J.A. and Y.I. provided the furfuryl-gelatin and performed cytotoxicity assay for Rose Bengal. All authors reviewed the manuscript and provided their consent for publication. The manuscript was written through individual contributions of all authors. All authors have given approval to the final version of the manuscript.

<p>Alginate Hydrogels with Embedded ZnO Nanoparticles for Wound Healing Therapy</p>

“…To assess and compare the dimensions of the pores within the 3D printed and manually casted gels, crosssectional images were obtained via SEM, as described in previously published studies. [30][31][32][33] Samples were crosslinked, placed in 193.15°K overnight, lyophilized, and sliced to reveal a cross-sectional area. These sections were sputter-coated (Gatan Model 682 Precision etching coating system, Pleasanton, CA, USA) and viewed with SEM (S-4800, Hitachi, Japan).…”

“…Overall, the manually casted samples showed a lesser degree of swelling than those bioprinted, suggestive of a more readily available swelling capability when samples are bioprinted, most likely attributed to its lattice structure. 32 Once in contact with an exuding wound, a particle trade response happens between the calcium particles in the dressing and sodium particles in serum or wound liquid. When a significant proportion of the calcium ions on the template have been replaced by sodium, the structure swells and partially dissolves, forming a gel-like mass.…”

Design and Synthesis of Chitosan—Gelatin Hybrid Hydrogels for 3D Printable in vitro Models

“…The 3D bioprinting process includes cells and polymers in the same “environment.” As a consequence, the properties of the polymers and the crosslinking methodologies employed during the bioprinting process must be biocompatible and easy to tailor. Examples to date include the use of “ionic crosslinkers” (i.e., calcium or divalent salts) or UV and photo-initiator-assisted reactions (i.e., methacrylation, acrylation; Derakhshanfar et al, 2018 ; Gungor-Ozkerim et al, 2018 ; Anil Kumar et al, 2019 ; Ding et al, 2019 ; Petta et al, 2020 ; Schipani et al, 2020 ; Sun et al, 2020 ). Click reactions can be conducted without the presence of catalyzers or components that can have a detrimental effect; this is advantageous for bioprinting protocols but can be challenging when heterogeneous polymers are employed.…”

Advances in 3D bioprinting technology for cardiac tissue engineering and regeneration

“… Connexin-43 might be important for the communications between cardiomyocyte and cardiac fibroblast in 3D-engineered tissue. [ 119 ] Rapid digital light processing (DLP)-based 3D bioprinting GelMA Human iPSC-derived CM (hiPSC-CM) Porcine left ventricular dECM After the cells are mixed with the hydrogel, the stripe-like micro-structure is printed and cultured in vitro. A myocardial microstructure with complex geometry was produced in just a few seconds, and its controllable resolution was as fine as 30 μm.…”