A visible light active, carbon–nitrogen–sulfur co-doped TiO₂/g-C₃N₄ Z-scheme heterojunction as an effective photocatalyst to remove dye pollutants

Abstract

The CNS-TiO2/g-C3N4 photocatalyst with excellent visible light catalytic activity was successfully manufactured, benefiting from the construction of the Z-scheme heterojunction and the co-doping of heteroatoms (C, N and S).

Cobalt oxide decked with inorganic-sulfur containing vanadium oxide for chromium(vi) reduction and UV-light-assisted methyl orange degradation

“…Potassium iodide (KI) was used as a hole scavenging agent, silver nitrate (AgNO 3 ) as an electron scavenging agent, isopropanol and ascorbic acid were used as OH˙ and O 2 − ˙ radical scavenging agents, respectively. 82 From the graph shown in Fig. S15 (ESI†), it was found that the efficacy in the presence of holes and electron scavengers remained almost the same, while it got retarded in the presence of radical scavengers.…”

“…This implied that CoO x –S–VO x can serve as a better photocatalyst in MO dye degradation by relaxing the electron–hole recombination rate. 82…”

“…This implied that CoO x -S-VO x can serve as a better photocatalyst in MO dye degradation by relaxing the electron-hole recombination rate. 82 To further have a proper understanding of the mechanism, we also calculated the valence band position and conduction band position using the Mott-Schottky (MS) plot (Fig. 8b).…”

Exploring the Remarkably High Photocatalytic Efficiency of Ultra-Thin Porous Graphitic Carbon Nitride Nanosheets

“…The following supporting information can be downloaded at: https:// www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/nano14010103/s1, Figure S1 S1: Normalized reaction rate (k) values for the MO photodegradation reaction in the presence of photocatalytic samples exfoliated at 550 • C and 600 • C; Table S2: Performance of C 3 N 4 -based samples for degradation of MO under visible light irradiation in recently published literature. References [131][132][133][134][135][136][137][138][139][140][141] are cited in the Supplementary Materials.…”

“…The following supporting information can be downloaded at: , Figure S1: TEM images of thermally exfoliated g-C 3 N 4 samples: (a and b) 550-CN and (c and d) 600-CN; Figure S2: g-C 3 N 4 sample ultrasonicated in acid media for 40 min; Figure S3: Enlarged view of (002) peak of XRD for g-C 3 N 4 samples; Figure S4: DRS spectra of g-C 3 N 4 samples prepared under different conditions; Figure S5: Pore size distribution curves of different g-C 3 N 4 samples; Figure S6: Visible light degradation spectra of MO using samples (a) 500-CN, (b) 500-UCN, (c) 550-CN, (d) 550-UCN, (e) 550-AUCN, (f) 600-CN, (g) 600-UCN, and (h) 600-AUCN; Figure S7: Photocatalytic degradation of MO under visible light using photocatalyst samples exfoliated at 550 °C; Figure S8: Photocatalytic degradation of MO under visible light, using photocatalyst samples exfoliated at 600 °C; Figure S9: Photocatalytic stability of 500-AUCN in four successive cycling reactions under visible light irradiation; Table S1: Normalized reaction rate ( k ) values for the MO photodegradation reaction in the presence of photocatalytic samples exfoliated at 550 °C and 600 °C; Table S2: Performance of C 3 N 4 -based samples for degradation of MO under visible light irradiation in recently published literature. References [ 131 , 132 , 133 , 134 , 135 , 136 , 137 , 138 , 139 , 140 , 141 ] are cited in the Supplementary Materials.…”