A Virtual Synchronous Generator Control Strategy for VSC-MTDC Systems

Cao, Yijia; Wang, Weiyu; Tan, Yi; Chen, Chun; He, Li; Häger, Ulf; Rehtanz, Christian

doi:10.1109/tec.2017.2780920

Cited by 146 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The load-network interface (LNI) may be a soft starter [18], but for this work, only an AC drive will be considered. Similarly, the rate of change in mechanical speed ( mm  ) of an electric induction motor (IM), with inertia mm J (motor rotor plus load), as a function of the mechanical ( mm P ) and electrical ( me P ) power imbalances is governed by (4). In (4), l T is the load mechanical torque, me T is the motor electromagnetic torque.…”

Section: Electromechanical Dynamics In Synchronous Generators Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Under such circumstances, rotating masses of conventional synchronous generators release/ absorb the difference in energy to keep the system balance [3]. However, the replacement of conventional generation by low inertia renewable energy generation has resulted in the reduction of the fault level, stored energy and spare VA rating of the whole electric network, making the system more sensitive to frequency oscillations [4]. Research and development is focusing on the application of energy storage for the mitigation of such problems, however, the high cost of such devices is a hindrance to wide penetration of this Financial support provided by CONACyT (Mexico) to the first author for his PhD studies.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Virtual Energy Storage: Converting an AC Drive to a Smart Load

Carmona-Sanchez

Barnes

Apsley

2018

IEEE Trans. Energy Convers.

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This paper proposes a new Smart-Load concept using AC drives. The concept is based on a secondary control layer coordinated with the network and the load to provide active power support. The general Smart-Load concept is developed and synthesized for its practical implementation in network power-frequency support applications. A multi power-frequency droop line is proposed. The final idea is applied to a fan load powered by an AC drive based on an induction motor and a two level voltage source converter. Experimental results show that a full power-frequency response can be achieved by the Smart-Load within 2s of the network frequency deviation.

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Section: Electromechanical Dynamics In Synchronous Generators Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Virtual Energy Storage: Converting an AC Drive to a Smart Load

Carmona-Sanchez

Barnes

Apsley

2018

IEEE Trans. Energy Convers.

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“…The VSG enhances inertia of the AC and DC networks for frequency regulation as well as restrain variations in DC voltage respectively. Thus, the droop based VSG primary control scheme is a novel proposal for MTDC systems in which the droop characteristics regulate the active and reactive power on part of the droop strategy and VSG [25][26][27]. Further enhancements results in an adaptive droop-based VSG for effective DC voltage control and power sharing in MTDC network based on flexible droop coefficients [20,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiterminal Medium Voltage DC Distribution Network Hierarchical Control

et al. 2020

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In this research study, a multiterminal voltage source converter (VSC) medium voltage DC (MVDC) distribution network hierarchical control scheme is proposed for renewable energy (RE) integration in a co-simulation environment of MATLAB and PSCAD/EMTDC. A DC optimal power flow (DC OPF) secondary controller is created in MATLAB. In PSCAD/EMTDC, the main circuit containing the adaptive DC voltage droop with a dead band and virtual synchronous generator (VSG) based primary controller for the VSCs is implemented. The simulation of the MVDC network under the proposed hierarchical control scheme is investigated considering variations in wind and solar photovoltaic (PV) power. The network is also connected to the standard IEEE-39 bus system and the hierarchical scheme tested by assessing the effect of tripping as well as restoration of the REs. The results show that during random variations in active power such as increasing wind and PV power generation, a sudden reduction or tripping of wind and PV power, the primary controller ensures accurate active power sharing amongst the droop-based VSCs as well as regulates DC voltage deviations within the set range of 0.98–1.02 pu with an enhanced dynamic response. The DC OPF secondary control optimizes the system’s losses by 38% regularly giving optimal droop settings to the primary controllers to ensure proper active power balance and DC voltage stability. This study demonstrates that the hierarchical control strategy is effective for RE integration in the MVDC distribution network.

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“…This kind of converters includes a voltage control loop to regulate the amplitude and frequency of the grid voltage. The most known example is the Virtual Synchronous Machine [22], [23]. Other algorithms are those focused on voltage regulation through droop [24], [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Voltage Control of Four-Leg VSC for Power System Applications With Nonlinear and Unbalanced Loads

Olives-Camps

Mauricio

Barragán-Villarejo

et al. 2020

IEEE Trans. Energy Convers.

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Voltage source converters are presented as the key devices for the future massive integration of distributed renewable energy resources in the network. This paper presents a novel approach to control a three-phase four-leg voltage source converter for grid-forming operation. The objective of the controller is to generate a balanced three-phase voltage with a given amplitude and frequency at the point of common coupling. The proposed control algorithm works over the stationary axes. It is based on full state feedback law in combination with a resonant control loop tuned at the fundamental frequency in order to guaranty zero steady-state error on the voltage. The main advantage of the controller with respect to the classical cascade controllers is that this strategy is not modified depending on the type of load connected at the point of common coupling. Moreover, a systematic methodology to compute the controller gains is presented by solving an linear quadratic regulator problem that considers an extended model. This method guarantees small signal stability and provides active damping to the system. A laboratory testbed with different type of loads is used to validate and compare the proposed algorithm with the classical one. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposal by achieving low levels of harmonic distortion and imbalances in steady-state as well as a fast transient response.Index Terms-Four-leg voltage source converter (4LVSC), voltage control, grid-forming, full state feedback law, nonlinear unbalanced system.

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A Virtual Synchronous Generator Control Strategy for VSC-MTDC Systems

Cited by 146 publications

References 29 publications

Virtual Energy Storage: Converting an AC Drive to a Smart Load

Virtual Energy Storage: Converting an AC Drive to a Smart Load

Multiterminal Medium Voltage DC Distribution Network Hierarchical Control

Voltage Control of Four-Leg VSC for Power System Applications With Nonlinear and Unbalanced Loads

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