A Virtual Object-Location Task for Children: Gender and Videogame Experience Influence Navigation; Age Impacts Memory and Completion Time

Rodríguez-Andrés, David; Méndez-López, Magdalena; Juan, M. Carmen; Pérez-Hernández, Elena

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00451

Cited by 29 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 44 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…VR environments meet the needs of several research domains that are related to spatial cognition and navigation (Bohil et al, 2011; León et al, 2016). VR has been seen to be a valid and feasible tool for investigating spatial memory, with advantages in terms of methodological issues (Rodriguez-Andres et al, 2018). VR allows participants to be exposed to complex and natural-appearing environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Memory for Object Location in Augmented Reality: The Role of Gender and the Relationship Among Spatial and Anxiety Outcomes

Munoz-Montoya

Fidalgo

Juan

et al. 2019

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The potential of augmented reality (AR) technology for the study of spatial memory and orientation is a new research field. AR defines systems that attempt to enhance the user’s experience with the physical world. In our app, we enhance the sense of sight by adding interactive 3D elements to the real environment. Our app can be used in any real environment so that the experimental conditions during the tasks and the way in which an individual navigates are similar to those used in real life. With AR, the experimenter has a high level of control of the task and can store the participant’s responses accurately. The classical factors that influence an individual’s performance on virtual spatial tasks are gender and cognitive factors. The influence of emotional factors on spatial performance has been studied more recently. Since AR tasks for the study of spatial memory and spatial orientation are new developments, little is known about the factors that are related to performance on tasks of this type. In our study, we tested 46 young adults (26 women) in an AR object-location task that was performed in a building. The participants had to memorize the position of eight virtual objects while they were walking through the environment. We also assessed the participants’ performance on an object-recall task, a map-pointing task, and a paper-and-pencil spatial orientation task. The self-reported importance of different spatial strategies for wayfinding and the levels of trait anxiety and wayfinding anxiety were also evaluated. Our findings indicate that men performed better on the spatial paper-and-pencil test and spent more time completing the learning phase of the AR task. The spatial memory for the location of the objects in AR and on the map correlated positively. Anxiety was related to individual differences in the self-reported use of a spatial orientation strategy, but the association among them was weak. Trait anxiety was positively related to the time employed by the participants during the learning phase of the AR task, whereas wayfinding anxiety correlated negatively with the preference for an orientation strategy. Our results highlight the importance of anxiety in spatial orientation.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Memory for Object Location in Augmented Reality: The Role of Gender and the Relationship Among Spatial and Anxiety Outcomes

Munoz-Montoya

Fidalgo

Juan

et al. 2019

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, the physical displacement component is important in spatial ability [16]. Following this idea, the latest VR works have incorporated physical displacement (Rodríguez-Andrés et al [17], [18]; Cárdenas et al [19]).…”

Section: B Assessment Of Spatial Memory Assisted By Computermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cárdenas et al [19] presented a VR task based on a maze that assesses spatial short-term memory in adults involving physical movement and immersion. As in previous works [17], [18], they used two different interaction types (the physical active condition vs. the physical inactive condition). For the physical active condition, they used a real bicycle.…”

Section: B Assessment Of Spatial Memory Assisted By Computermentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Augmented Reality Based on SLAM to Assess Spatial Short-Term Memory

et al. 2019

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Spatial short-term memory is defined as the limited ability of people to retain and remember the location of elements for short periods of time. In this paper, we present the first AR app based on SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping) to assess spatial short-term memory. A total of 55 participants were involved in a study for remembering the real place where four virtual objects were located in the real environment. The participants were divided into two groups: the ARGroup (the participants learned the location of the virtual objects in the real environment in an adaptation phase using AR) and the NoARGroup (the participants learned the location of the objects by looking at photographs). The results indicated that the performance outcomes in remembering objects and their location for the participants in the ARGroup were statistically significantly greater than those obtained by the participants in the NoARGroup. From this result and our observations, we can conclude that touring the augmented environment helped the participants to better remember the location of virtual objects added to the real scene compared to looking at photographs of the environment. Furthermore, statistically significant differences were not found in relation to gender or age. Finally, our app has several advantages: 1) Our app works in any environment and does not require adding real elements to the environment; 2) the evaluators can select any real environment and place the virtual elements where they want and even change them between sessions; and 3) our app could work similar to the way spatial memory does in everyday life.

show abstract

“…Forty studies from 49 articles examined evaluated the allocentric spatial orientation. In 32 of these articles noncoincident landmarks were used (Bullens, Igl oi, et al, 2010;Bullens, Nardini et al, 2010;Bullens, Klugkist, & Postma, 2011;Crowther et al, 2000;Hupbach & Nadel, 2005;Huttenlocher & Vasilyeva, 2003;Learmonth, Nadel, & Newcombe, 2002;Learmonth, Newcombe, & Huttenlocher, 2001;Learmonth, Newcombe, Sheridan, & Jones, 2008 Lew et al, , 2006Lourenco, Addy, & Huttenlocher, 2009;Lourenco & Cabrera, 2015;Mandolesi, Petrosini, Menghini, Addona, & Vicari, 2009;Merrill et al, 2016;Nardini, Atkinson, & Burgess, 2008;Nardini et al, 2006;Nardini, Jones, et al, 2008;Negen, Heywood-Everett, Roome, & Nardini, 2018;Newcombe, Ratliff, Shallcross, & Twyman, 2010;Pentland, Anderson, Dye, & Wood, 2003;; Rodriguez-Andres, Juan, Mendez-Lopez, Perez-Hernandez, & Lluch, 2016; Rodriguez-Andres, Mendez-Lopez, Juan, & Perez-Hernandez, 2018;Ruggiero et al, 2016;Yang et al, 2019;Yousif & Lourenco, 2017), while one article used coincident landmarks (Kaufman & Needham, 2011 Although 5-year-olds obtain spatial learning scores similar to those of older ages, they perform the task more slowly than the 10-year-olds. In addition, at age 5, there is a clear preference for adopting an egocentric orientation strategy, which persists at higher ages but in a less marked way.…”

Section: Egocentric Versus Allocentric Spatial Orientation Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial orientation assessment in preschool children: Egocentric and allocentric frameworks

Fernández-Baizán

Árias

Méndez

2019

Applied Neuropsychology: Child

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Spatial orientation is an important function in daily life because it allows us to reach a target place when moving through our environment, using self-centered (egocentric) or environmental information (allocentric). Compared to other cognitive functions, spatial orientation has been studied less in preschool ages. Some brain areas, such as the hippocampus and the temporal as well as the parietal and frontal cortices, are involved in spatial orientation. Therefore, when these brain regions are altered in neurological conditions or in atypical development in children, we would expect impairment of spatial abilities. The aim of this study is to review studies, published in recent years, that use egocentric and allocentric spatial orientation tasks for assessing spatial memory in preschool children, with the final goal of finding out which tests could be included in a clinical neuropsychological evaluation. We observed that although egocentric spatial orientation emerges first during development, allocentric spatial orientation tasks are employed at very early ages. Most of these tasks are performed in real environments, allowing children's self-movements and using environmental modifications, but technologies such as virtual or augmented reality are increasingly used. Other aspects are discussed, such as the lack of consensus in the nomenclature, the difficulty of tracing the course of development of spatial orientation, or the ecological validity of the tests used. We finally observed that there is greater interest in studying the allocentric framework than the egocentric one, which makes it difficult to compare the use of the two frames of reference during a neuropsychological evaluation in preschool-aged children.

show abstract

A Virtual Object-Location Task for Children: Gender and Videogame Experience Influence Navigation; Age Impacts Memory and Completion Time

Cited by 29 publications

References 44 publications

Memory for Object Location in Augmented Reality: The Role of Gender and the Relationship Among Spatial and Anxiety Outcomes

Memory for Object Location in Augmented Reality: The Role of Gender and the Relationship Among Spatial and Anxiety Outcomes

Augmented Reality Based on SLAM to Assess Spatial Short-Term Memory

Spatial orientation assessment in preschool children: Egocentric and allocentric frameworks

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About