A Video Encoding System With Conditional Picture-Element Replenishment

Abstract

This paper describes an experimental method for encoding television signals which takes advantage of the frame‐to‐frame correlation to reduce transmission bit rate. The technique encodes only those elements that change between successive frames instead of encoding every element of every frame. We have demonstrated the method in real‐time using the head‐and‐ shoulder view of a person in animated conversation as the picture source, such as is likely to be encountered in a visual communication system. An average transmission rate of one bit per picture element gives quality comparable with standard eight‐bit PCM transmission.

True-Motion Estimation and Compensation with Multitemporal Block-Matching Search

“…The concept of motion estimation was initially developed for identifying patterns of repetition in video, as described by Mounts [5], and for estimation of displacement from one frame to another, as described by Netravali [6], but with the final goal of reducing TV broadcasting bandwidth. The basic idea is to transmit only information pertaining to areas of the image where there is movement, and the rest of the image is constructed simply by repeating the pixels of the previous field.…”

On sensor image compression

“…Conditional replenishment is based on detection and coding of the moving areas so that it makes use of temporal redundancy to compress image signals. Conditional replenishment was originally proposed in the early age of image compression as a digital compression method which could be easily implemented [5]. We utilize the algorithm in analog domain for implementation integrated on the image sensor.…”

Interframe Adaptive Data Compression Techniques for Images.

“…In [13], the conditional replenishment method of [48] has been improved, and some of the techniques of [441,together with some other adaptations, have been used to result in a more efficient coder wlt increased complexity. We have simulated this technique for comparison purposes and a brief description is given in chapter III.…”