A versatile strategy for fabricating various Cu₂ZnSnS₄ precursor solutions

Abstract

Herein, we successfully prepared dithiocarbamate-based Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) precursor solutions using various amino groups such as methylamine, ethylamine, propylamine, butylamine, amylamine, hexylamine, octylamine, and ethanolamine.

Novel two-step CdS deposition strategy to improve the performance of Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 solar cell

“…1 shows the best photovoltaic performances of S1, S2, S3, S4, S5 and S6 devices under AM 1.5 G illumination, and the corresponding performance parameters of six types of solar cells are shown in Table S1. The efficiency of CZTSSe device S1 is 4.66%, which basically agrees with previously reported works [13,29,30] . As expected, the efficiency of CZTSSe/CdS (50 nm, HT) is improved to 6.73% after the heat treatment of CZTSSe/CdS sample.…”

“…Up to now, many researches have focused on improving the quality of CZTSSe absorption layer, i.e., optimizing the synthesis method, adjusting element composition of CZTSSe precursor solution, or controlling the annealing conditions for sulfuration or selenization [9][10][11][12][13] . Recently, partial cation substitution of Cu + , Zn 2 + and Sn 4 + by Ag + , Cd 2 + and Ge 4 + has shown promising effect to boost the efficiency of kesterite solar cells [14][15][16][17][18][19][20] .…”

“…The CZTS precursor solution is prepared according to the previously reported works [13,29,30] . Firstly, 0.268 g Cu 2 O was dissolved in a mixed solution of 2 mL ethanol, 1.2 mL CS 2 , 1.5 mL 1-butylamine under magnetic stirring at 65 °C for 30 min.…”

Solution processed CZTS solar cells using amine–thiol systems: understanding the dissolution process and device fabrication

“…Various techniques have been used to deposit kesterites, including vacuum processes such as co-sputtering, 9,10 and co-evaporation, 11,12 and non-vacuum processes such as electrodeposition, 13,14 spray pyrolysis, 15,16 and spin coating. 17,18 The best CZTS solar cells produced to date have efficiencies of 12.6% 19 and 12.62%. 20 Currently, its competitor and forerunner, CIGS, has efficiencies of up to 23.35%.…”

Fabrication of $$\hbox {Cu}_{2}\hbox {ZnSn(S,Se)}_{4}$$ Cu 2 ZnSn(S,Se) 4 thin film solar cell devices based on printable na

“…This compound as a semiconductor has the optimal optical band gap (1.5 eV) for thin films, which is suitable for photovoltaic devices. It possesses a high absorption coefficient of 10 4 cm −1 [1][2][3][4][5], which is regarded as one of the best absorber materials for achieving high power conversion efficiency and sustainable solar cells [6][7][8].…”