A versatile mono-quaternary ammonium salt as a mesoporogen for the synthesis of hierarchical zeolites

Bolshakov, Aleksei; Hoof, Arno J. F. van; Mezari, Brahim; Hensen, Emiel J. M.

doi:10.1039/c9cy02001b

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…Since the discovery of highly ordered mesoporous molecular sieves (M41S), soft templating methods are widely used for the synthesis of hierarchically porous zeolites. , Soft templates, including silylated polymers, − hydrophilic cationic polymers, − cationic organosilanes, − and surfactants, ,− ,,− exhibit inherent flexibility and advantages, such as tunable size and adjustable functionality, and are more versatile than hard templates. During the crystallization process, these templates not only serve as physical supports but also directly interact with the silica species. − …”

Section: Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Hierarchically Structured Zeolites: From Design to Application

et al. 2020

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Hierarchical zeolites combine the intrinsic catalytic properties of microporous zeolites and the enhanced access and transport of the additional meso-and/or macroporous system. These materials are the most desirable catalysts and sorbents for industry and become a highly evolving field of important current interests. In addition to the enhanced mass transfer leading to high activity, selectivity, and cycle time, another essential merit of the hierarchical structure in zeolite materials is that it can significantly improve the utilization effectiveness of zeolite materials resulting in the minimum energy, time, and raw materials consumption. Substantial progress has been made in the synthesis, characterization, and application of hierarchical zeolites. Herein, we provide an overview of recent achievements in the field, highlighting the significant progress in the past decade on the development of novel and remarkable strategies to create an additional pore system in zeolites. The most innovative synthesis approaches are reviewed according to the principle, versatility, effectiveness, and degree of reality while establishing a firm link between the preparation route and the resultant hierarchical pore quality in zeolites. Zeolites with different hierarchically porous structures, i.e., micro-mesoporous structure, micromacroporous structure, and micro-meso-macroporous structure, are then analyzed in detail with concrete examples to illustrate their benefits and their fabrications. The significantly improved performances in catalytic, environmental, and biological applications resulting from enhanced mass transport properties are discussed through a series of representative cases. In the concluding part, we envision the emergence of "material-properties-by-quantitative and real rational design" based on the "generalized Murray's Law" that enables the predictable and controlled productions of bioinspired hierarchically structured zeolites. This Review is expected to attract important interests from catalysis, separation, environment, advanced materials, and chemical engineering fields as well as biomedicine for artificial organ and drug delivery systems.

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Section: Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Hierarchically Structured Zeolites: From Design to Application

et al. 2020

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“…Despite a somewhat lower conversion rate compared to that of the non-mesoporous ferrierite, the deactivation rate of mesoporous ferrierite was substantially lower. [53] A second paper of Bolshakov et al describes a hierarchical ferrierite synthesis through transformation of a FAU precursor in the presence of NMP (as SDA) and the amphiphile mesoporogen 1,2-dimethyl-3-hexadecyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium bromide (C 16 dMImz). A strongly crystalline ferrierite zeolite was presented with high mesoporosity and small crystal size.…”

Section: Ferrieritementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite a somewhat lower conversion rate compared to that of the non‐mesoporous ferrierite, the deactivation rate of mesoporous ferrierite was substantially lower. [ 53 ]…”

Section: Synthesis Of Hierarchical 10‐mr Zeolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The amount of mesoporogen and SDA controlled the morphology and structural properties. [ 53 ] Wool‐ball‐like structures and others, composed of 100–150 nm nanorods, were made without a mesoporogen. Here, a high degree of supersaturation and self‐assembly are at the basis of the formation of such structure, which performed better in the cracking of isopropylbenzene and n ‐octane.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Hierarchical 10‐mr Zeolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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State of the Art and Perspectives of Hierarchical Zeolites: Practical Overview of Synthesis Methods and Use in Catalysis

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Zeolites are highly crystalline aluminosilicates with welldefined pores that are constructed of SiO 2 and AlO 4 tetrahedra. These tetrahedra can be linked together in different unique ways to form various materials with a specific topology. [1] According to the International Zeolite Association (IZA), more than 250 different topologies, which are all assigned with a three-letter code, have been identified. [2] The micropores in zeolites are typically constructed from 8, 10, or 12 tetrahedral atoms

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“…The majority of zeolite modifications use bottom-up approaches involving soft-templating (ST) or hard-templating (HT) strategies [ 10 ]. The ST strategy uses dual templates, which act as an organic structure-directing agent (usually as a head group) and a long alkyl chain (such as a tail group) to prevent the growth and stacking of zeolitic structures along the c-axis while serving as mesoporogen agents [ 11 , 12 ]. Another ST example uses a cationic surfactant combined with swelling procedures in order to obtain expanded LZP derivatives, increasing the possibility of obtaining pillared or delaminated structures [ 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining Soft- and Hard-Templating Approaches in MWW-Type Zeolites

et al. 2020

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A combination of hard-templating (HT) and soft-templating (ST) approaches was studied to obtain MWW-type materials with intermediate physicochemical properties. The HT methodology involved the introduction of carbon particles as hard templates during gel synthesis to obtain a layered zeolitic precursor (LZP) with particles possessing a microspherical morphology. The LZP obtained was treated with surfactants as soft templates to expand the layers of the LZP, followed by a pillaring procedure. The materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission and scanning electron microscopy, elemental analysis and N2 adsorption. The results demonstrate that the obtained material possesses intermediate properties from both approaches, with interparticle mesopores/macropores and pore sizes between 18 and 46 Å. However, the ST procedure causes a partial disruption of some microspheres, forming small crystallite aggregates, and results in a decrease in the number of interparticle mesopores/macropores previously formed by the HT method.

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A versatile mono-quaternary ammonium salt as a mesoporogen for the synthesis of hierarchical zeolites

Cited by 6 publications

References 80 publications

Hierarchically Structured Zeolites: From Design to Application

Hierarchically Structured Zeolites: From Design to Application

State of the Art and Perspectives of Hierarchical Zeolites: Practical Overview of Synthesis Methods and Use in Catalysis

Combining Soft- and Hard-Templating Approaches in MWW-Type Zeolites

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