A versatile enrichment of functionalized calixarene as a facile sensor for amino acids

Abstract

Amino acids are the most important part of the human biological system due to their role in living processes. The role of amino acids stretches beyond their traditional role as a building block for proteins, and deficiency of amino acids could lead to decreased immunity, digestive problems, depression, fertility issues, lower mental alertness, slowed growth in children, and many other health issues. The acute detection of amino acids is necessary to determine the human health domain. Here, in this review, we summarize and study the calixarenes as complexes that are of immeasurable value and their utilization for amino acid detection. Key factors such as noncovalent forces, limit of detection, and the supramolecular chemistry of calixarenes with amino acids have been well described. This study presents the most recent efforts made towards the development of potential and highly efficient calixarene-based sensors for the detection of amino acids.

Exploring the Expanding Frontiers: The Promising Role of Supramolecules in Advancing Cancer and Infectious Disease Therapy

“…Calix [4]pyrrole is a potential option for further research as an anticancer drug due to its ability to cause apoptosis (programmed cell death) in cancer cells when CK2 is inhibited. 38,39 The existence of nitrogen atoms in the calixpyrrole ring structure causes this selective binding, which can form hydrogen bonds with the amino acid residues on the surface of cancer cells 40,41 . This selective binding makes calixpyrroles potentially less toxic to healthy cells, which is a major advantage over many existing chemotherapeutic agents that can cause significant damage to healthy cells.…”

Synthetic strategies for the functionalization of upper or lower rim of supramolecular calix[4]arene platform

“…The recent literature has started witnessing the modification of the property and or the purpose of such a supramolecular conjugate upon anchoring on to some surfaces in bringing out an added dimensionality for such molecules. The sensing and the recognition properties of lower rim 1, 3 di derivatized calix [4]arene are well documented and were reviewed in the literature, [24][25][26][27][28] however, there has not been enough efforts in bringing out the applications of the derivatives when anchored on to a surface. [29][30][31][32][33][34] In this article we attempted to bring a variety of the synthetic strategies used across various derivatizations on the calix [4]arene scaffold on to a common platform to provide a focus and impetus to the supramolecular designers and the synthetic chemists alike.…”

A Quenched Fluorescence‐based Assay for Selective Detection of Nitroaromatic Compounds using Pyrene‐Appended Oxacalix[4]arene Host

“…They work by using chemical or biological reactions to produce a measurable signal, such as light or electrical current, in response to the presence of a particular substance [5,6] . Calixarene, a part of the third generation of supramolecular compounds, has found widespread use in a variety of fields, including molecular recognition, the production of materials, supramolecular self‐assembly, and catalysis [7,8] . With its one‐of‐a‐kind structure and capabilities, calixarene becomes an ideal structural platform today for receptors by incorporating diverse functional groups of recognition capabilities [9,10] .…”

“…[5,6] Calixarene, a part of the third generation of supramolecular compounds, has found widespread use in a variety of fields, including molecular recognition, the production of materials, supramolecular self-assembly, and catalysis. [7,8] With its one-of-a-kind structure and capabilities, calixarene becomes an ideal structural platform today for receptors by incorporating diverse functional groups of recog-nition capabilities. [9,10] Various research reports about calixarene as an ion sensor have provided a breakthrough for the detection of various ions.…”