A variable region of Anticarsia gemmatalis nuclear polyhedrosis virus contains tandemly repeated DNA sequences

Garcia-Maruniak, Alejandra; Pavan, Octavio Henrique O.; Maruniak, James E.

doi:10.1016/0168-1702(95)01264-8

Cited by 47 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…This region is the most different in both virus isolates, because AgMNPV-SF has fewer repeats showing a deletion of 70 bp compared to AgMNPV-2D. Similar characteristics have just been observed between AgMNPV-2D and AgMNPV-D7 [26]. The similarity analysis of these units revealed a high homology with the hr1 sequence of CfMNPV.…”

Section: Sequence Analysissupporting

confidence: 55%

Sequencing and Characterisation of p74 Gene in Two Isolates of Anticarsia Gemmatalis MNPV

et al. 2006

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P74 is a protein encoded in the genome of baculoviruses, associated with the envelopes of occluded virus. Its presence proved to be essential for per os infection. In first place, in this work we designed two universal primers to amplify a sequence region of the p74 ORF in baculoviruses from different classification groups. Then, by the use of these amplicons we obtained the complete sequence of the p74 locus from two isolates of AgMNPV, 2D (Brazil) and SF (Argentina). In the flanking regions we determined the complete sequence of p10 gene and a portion of p26 gene. Comparing both p74 sequence data (ORFs of 1935 bp) we found fifteen nucleotide changes that result in six amino acid changes. Comparisons of AgMNPV p74s with other baculovirus homologous genes indicate a close relationship with other group I Nucleopolyhedrovirus, in particular CfDEFNPV. These results were based on ORF sequence, amino acid sequence and gene order. The predictive studies about secondary structure and hydrophobic index point at six regions potentially associated to its function or native conformation. Finally, the detection of p74 mRNA after virus DNA replication confirms a late expression pattern.

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Section: Sequence Analysissupporting

confidence: 55%

Sequencing and Characterisation of p74 Gene in Two Isolates of Anticarsia Gemmatalis MNPV

et al. 2006

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“…Within these groups, each of the non-hr unidirectional tandem repeats located in ORF75, ORF94 and ORF125 seem to have their own, independent genesis in terms of insertion or deletion of repeat units (Table 3). Possibly, insertions or deletions of repeat units are generated during homologous recombination or replication slippage, as is proposed for repeats such as the baculovirus homologous repeats (hrs) (Garcia-Maruniak et al, 1996) and the herpesvirus direct repeats (DRs) (Umene, 1991).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular epidemiology of white spot syndrome virus within Vietnam

Dieu

Marks

Siebenga

et al. 2004

Journal of General Virology

153

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White spot syndrome virus (WSSV), the sole member of the virus family Nimaviridae, is a large double-stranded DNA virus that infects shrimp and other crustaceans. By alignment of three completely sequenced isolates originating from Taiwan (WSSV-TW), China (WSSV-CN) and Thailand (WSSV-TH), the variable loci in the genome were mapped. The variation suggests the spread of WSSV from a common ancestor originating from either side of the Taiwan Strait to Thailand, but support for this hypothesis through analysis of geographical intermediates is sought. RFLP analysis of eight Vietnamese WSSV isolates, of which six were collected along the central coast (VN-central) and two along the south coast (VN-south), showed apparent sequence variation in the variable loci identified previously. These loci were characterized in detail by PCR amplification, cloning and sequencing. Relative to WSSV-TW, all VN-central isolates showed a~8?5 kb deletion in the major variable region ORF23/24, whereas the VN-south isolates contain a deletion of~11?5 or~12?2 kb, compared to a~1?2 or~13?2 kb deletion in WSSV-CN and WSSV-TH, respectively. The minor variable region ORF14/15 showed deletions of various sizes compared with WSSV-TH for all eight VN isolates. The data suggest that the VN isolates and WSSV-TH have a common lineage, which branched off from WSSV-TW and WSSV-CN early on, and that WSSV entered Vietnam by multiple introductions. A model is presented for the spread of WSSV from either side of the Taiwan Strait into Vietnam based on the gradually increasing deletions of both 'variable regions'. The number and order of repeat units within ORF75 and ORF125 appeared to be suitable markers to study regional spread of WSSV.

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“…Although closely related, genotypic variants can be distinguished from one another by restriction fragment length polymorphism (6) or by alterations such as additions, duplications, or deletions clustered in certain genomic regions (6,14,33). The high prevalence of recombination (30), together with the enveloping of multiple genomes in a single virion, may be considered evolutionary strategies to guarantee the preservation of high levels of genetic variability in NPV populations within each infected host, thereby resulting in progeny virions with a high degree of genetic diversity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In other NPV isolates, variants may show increased virulence in alternative hosts (14). The biological activity of the nine SfNIC cloned variants was determined by per os bioassay.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Structure of a Spodoptera frugiperda Nucleopolyhedrovirus Population: High Prevalence of Deletion Genotypes

Simón

Williams

López‐Ferber

et al. 2004

Appl Environ Microbiol

133

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A Nicaraguan field isolate (SfNIC) of Spodoptera frugiperda nucleopolyhedrovirus was purified by plaque assay on Sf9 cells. Nine distinct genotypes, A to I, were identified by their restriction endonuclease profiles. Variant SfNIC-B was selected as the standard because its restriction profile corresponded to that of the wild-type isolate. Physical maps were generated for each of the variants. The differences between variants and the SfNIC-B standard were confined to the region between map units 9 and 32.5. This region included PstI-G, PstI-F, PstI-L, PstI-K and EcoRI-L fragments. Eight genotypes presented a deletion in their genome compared with SfNIC-B. Occlusion body-derived virions of SfNIC-C, -D and -G accounted for 41% of plaque-purified clones. These variants were not infectious per os but retained infectivity by injection into S. frugiperda larvae. Median 50% lethal concentration values for the other cloned genotypes were significantly higher than that of the wild type. The variants also differed in their speed of kill. Noninfectious variants SfNIC-C and -D lacked the pif and pif-2 genes. Infectivity was restored to these variants by plasmid rescue with a plasmid comprising both pif and pif-2. Transcription of an SfNIC-G gene was detected by reverse transcription-PCR in insects, but no fatal disease developed. Transcription was not detected in SfNIC-C or -D-inoculated larvae. We conclude that the SfNIC population presents high levels of genetic diversity, localized to a 17-kb region containing pif and pif-2, and that interactions among complete and deleted genotypic variants will likely influence the capacity of this virus to control insect pests.The family Baculoviridae comprises a large group of viruses that are pathogenic to invertebrates and are characterized by enveloped rod-shaped virions with large (85 to 166 kb) circular double-stranded DNA genomes (2). These viruses have been reported from numerous insect species, particularly Lepidoptera (28). Due to their restricted host range (16) and high pathogenicity to a number of insect pest species, they have received considerable attention as microbial insecticides (31).Baculoviruses produce two kinds of particles, one occluded and the other nonoccluded. Usually, both forms of virus are produced in a sequential manner in the same cell. When a susceptible insect consumes foliage contaminated with occlusion bodies (OBs), occlusion derived virions are released from the OB by alkali disruption of the OB protein. The occlusionderived virions infect midgut cells, resulting in a primary infection. Subsequently, nonoccluded budded virus is produced, which buds out of the infected cell to allow cell-to-cell spread of the infection throughout the host. Budded virus particles consist of a nucleocapsid containing a single genome, enveloped by a membrane in which some virus-encoded proteins are anchored. Recent work indicates that each cell within the insect is infected by an average of four to five budded viruses (3). Later, the OB is produced, which stays inside t...

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A variable region of Anticarsia gemmatalis nuclear polyhedrosis virus contains tandemly repeated DNA sequences

Cited by 47 publications

References 21 publications

Sequencing and Characterisation of p74 Gene in Two Isolates of Anticarsia Gemmatalis MNPV

Sequencing and Characterisation of p74 Gene in Two Isolates of Anticarsia Gemmatalis MNPV

Molecular epidemiology of white spot syndrome virus within Vietnam

Genetic Structure of a Spodoptera frugiperda Nucleopolyhedrovirus Population: High Prevalence of Deletion Genotypes

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