A Validated Reverse Phase HPLC Analytical Method for Quantitation of Glycoalkaloids inSolanum lycocarpumand Its Extracts

Abstract

Solanum lycocarpum (Solanaceae) is native to the Brazilian Cerrado. Fruits of this species contain the glycoalkaloids solasonine (SN) and solamargine (SM), which display antiparasitic and anticancer properties. A method has been developed for the extraction and HPLC-UV analysis of the SN and SM in different parts of S. lycocarpum, mainly comprising ripe and unripe fruits, leaf, and stem. This analytical method was validated and gave good detection response with linearity over a dynamic range of 0.77–1000.00 μg mL−1 and recovery in the range of 80.92–91.71%, allowing a reliable quantitation of the target compounds. Unripe fruits displayed higher concentrations of glycoalkaloids (1.04% ± 0.01 of SN and 0.69% ± 0.00 of SM) than the ripe fruits (0.83% ± 0.02 of SN and 0.60% ± 0.01 of SM). Quantitation of glycoalkaloids in the alkaloidic extract gave 45.09% ± 1.14 of SN and 44.37% ± 0.60 of SM, respectively.

A New Antileishmanial Preparation of Combined Solamargine and Solasonine Heals Cutaneous Leishmaniasis through Different Immunochemical Pathways

“…Solamargine and solasonine (Fig. 1A) are heterosidic steroids isolated from Solanum lycocarpum fruits, as described previously (9,10). Figure 1B shows a typical HPLC chromatogram of the standardized plant extract containing solamargine and solasonine and an internal standard (veratraldehyde).…”

“…Drug resistance is a major problem associated with the failure of treatment of human infections caused by this type of parasite and underscores the importance of the development of novel drugs (21)(22)(23). Plant products have long been used in traditional medicine to treat different types of illnesses (2,(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18) and are now considered a good alternative for drug discovery. There are promising compounds originally isolated from plants with leishmanicidal properties, which could be antileishmanial drugs with commercial potential.…”

“…prepared the topical formulation containing the steroid extract. The plant extract containing these two steroids (ϳ45% each) was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography using an ultraviolet detector (HPLC-UV) as described previously (10). Briefly, 250 mg of dried alkaloidic extract was dissolved in 20 ml of a mixture of water and ethanol (80%) containing 3 g/ml veratraldehyde as an internal standard (IS).…”

“…(Solanaceae), also known as wolf fruit ("fruto-do-lobo"), have been used to treat a number of medical conditions. Preparations from this plant also display cytotoxic, antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, and antimutagenic activities (9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18). We showed that alkaloids from this plant are lethal to Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes (9).…”

Solanum cernuum Vell: estudo fitoquímico, avaliação das atividades gastroprotetora, antimicrobiana, citotóxica e obtenção do extrato seco por spray dryer

“…Glicosídeos esteroidais ONO et al, 2006;TIOSSI et al 2012), flavonoides (SILVA et al, 2003) e alcaloides pirrólicos (EL-SAYED et al, 1998;EVANS, SOMANABANDHU, 1980) tem sido descritos como constituintes químicos presentes em Solanum. Solasonina e solamargina são glicoalcaloides majoritários encontrados em pelo menos 100 espécies desse gênero (BLANKEMEYER et al, 1998).…”