A validated railway vehicle interior layout with multibody dummies and finite element seats models for crash analysis

Ambrósio, Jorge; Carvalho, Marta; Milho, João; Escalante, Susana; Martín, Roberto Redondo

doi:10.1007/s11044-021-09794-w

Cited by 11 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Multibody dynamics provides a methodological framework for the representation of complex structural arrangements in crashworthiness, as used in the development of vehicle models for frontal and side impacts [ 11 ]. It also provides accurate and efficient methodologies for the description of the large rigid body motion of the anatomical segments and mechanisms of the ATD [ 12 , 13 ]. However, non-linear finite element methods have an unsurpassed ability to represent all details of the structural deformations being directly linked to geometric modeling software that enables the generation of complex models with simplicity [ 14 , 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient 2D Neck Model for Simulation of the Whiplash Injury Mechanism

Henriques,

Martins,

Carvalho

2024

Bioengineering

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Whiplash injuries, mainly located in the neck, are one of the most common injuries resulting from road collisions. These injuries can be particularly challenging to detect, compromising the ability to monitor patients adequately. This work presents the development and validation of a computationally efficient model, called Efficient Neck Model—2D (ENM-2D), capable of simulating the whiplash injury mechanism. ENM-2D is a planar multibody model consisting of several bodies that model the head and neck with the same mass and inertia properties of a male occupant model in the 50th percentile. The damping and non-linear spring parameters of the kinematic joints were identified through a multiobjective optimization process, solved sequentially. The TNO-Human Body Model (TNO-HBM), a validated occupant model for rear impact, was simulated, and its responses were used as a reference for validation purposes. The root mean square (RMS) of the deviations of angular positions of the bodies were used as objective functions, starting from the bottom vertebra to the top, and ending in the head. The sequence was repeated until it converged, ending the optimization process. The identified ENM-2D model could simulate the whiplash injury mechanism kinematics and accurately determine the injury criteria associated with head and neck injuries. It had a relative deviation of 8.3% for the head injury criteria and was 12.5 times faster than the reference model.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient 2D Neck Model for Simulation of the Whiplash Injury Mechanism

Henriques,

Martins,

Carvalho

2024

Bioengineering

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“…A three-dimensional system of rigid bodies with holonomic, rheonomic constraints has a number of degrees of freedom of [ 13 ]. MB models can be used for kinematic and kinetic analysis, including the structural response of vehicles [ 14 ] and the prediction of kinematic response [ 15 ] and biomechanical loading [ 16 ] of humans. (iii) Finite element (FE) methods in crashworthiness deal with geometry, material, constraint, and contact nonlinearities, making solving such models more difficult and computationally costly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient simulation strategy to design a safer motorcycle

Maier

Fehr

2023

Multibody Syst Dyn

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This work presents models and simulations of a numerical strategy for a time and cost-efficient virtual product development of a novel passive safety restraint concept for motorcycles. It combines multiple individual development tasks in an aggregated procedure. The strategy consists of three successive virtual development stages with a continuously increasing level of detail and expected fidelity in multibody and finite element simulation environments. The results show what is possible with an entirely virtual concept study—based on the clever combination of multibody dynamics and nonlinear finite elements—that investigates the structural behavior and impact dynamics of the powered two-wheeler with the safety systems and the rider’s response. The simulations show a guided and controlled trajectory and deceleration of the motorcycle rider, resulting in fewer critical biomechanical loads on the rider compared to an impact with a conventional motorcycle. The numerical research strategy outlines a novel procedure in virtual motorcycle accident research with different levels of computational effort and model complexity aimed at a step-by-step validation of individual components in the future.

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