A Unique Short-Chain Dehydrogenase/Reductase in Arabidopsis Glucose Signaling and Abscisic Acid Biosynthesis and Functions

Cheng, Wei-Chih; Endo, Akira; Zhou, Li; Penney, Jessica; Chen, Huei-Chi; Arroyo, Analilia; León, Patricia; Nambara, Eiji; Asami, Tadao; Seo, Mitsunori; Koshiba, Tomokazu; Sheen, Jen

doi:10.1105/tpc.006494

Cited by 742 publications

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References 83 publications

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“…They can signal to the cell to alter enzyme activity and gene expression, which regulate plant growth (Cheng et al, 2002). They are also used as precursors for the biosynthesis of a wide range of biomolecules such as lipids, proteins, and polysaccharides (Duffus and Duffus, 1984).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Variation in Contents of Sugars in Different Parts of Broccoli

Bhandari¹,

Kwak²

2015

HST

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Seasonal variation in the contents of sugars (fructose, glucose, and sucrose) in the floret, leaf, and stem of broccoli were studied in ten commercial broccoli cultivars. Plants were grown in the spring and fall seasons in 2011. In both seasons, glucose was the major constituent, comprising about 50% of the total sugar content in the floret and leaf tissue of most cultivars, whereas the broccoli stem showed an unusual pattern of accumulation. Sucrose exhibited greater cultivar dependency as well as seasonal variation compared to fructose and glucose in floret and leaf tissues. The floret tissue had a higher total content of sugar in the spring compared to the fall due to an increase in glucose and fructose. However, most of the leaf and stem tissues of broccoli had a higher total sugar content in the fall compared to the spring. Furthermore, stem and leaf tissues possessed a relatively higher total sugar content compared to floret tissue in both seasons. 'Grandeur' broccoli contained a significantly greater amount of total sugar in both floret and leaf tissues in both seasons, whereas 'YuDoRi No.1' broccoli exhibited the highest total content of sugar in stem tissue. At overall, the results showed significant influences of genotype, plant part and growing season on sugar content in broccoli.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Variation in Contents of Sugars in Different Parts of Broccoli

Bhandari¹,

Kwak²

2015

HST

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“…Abscisic acid (ABA) plays a major role in seed development, adaptive plant responses to water deprivation, and sugar sensing (Cheng et al, 2002;. The level of ABA increases in plants during seed development and under environmental stresses, particularly drought and salinity .…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Nine-cis-epoxycarotenoids suffer an oxidative cleavage catalyzed by ninecis-epoxicarotenoid dioxigenase (NCED), leading to production of xanthoxin (Schwartz et al, 1997). Then, xanthoxin is converted to abscisic aldehyde by a short-chain alcohol dehydrogenase, which is a NADdependent enzyme (Cheng et al, 2002;GonzalezGuzman et al, 2002). Finally, abscisic aldehyde is oxidized to ABA by AAO3 (abscisic aldehyde oxidase; Seo et al, 2000a), which requires a molybdenum cofactor (MoCo) that is synthesized by the MoCo sulfurase ABA3 (Bittner et al, 2001;Xiong et al, 2001).…”

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Two New Alleles of the abscisic aldehyde oxidase 3 Gene Reveal Its Role in Abscisic Acid Biosynthesis in Seeds

et al. 2004

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The abscisic aldehyde oxidase 3 (AAO3) gene product of Arabidopsis catalyzes the final step in abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis. An aao3-1 mutant in a Landsberg erecta genetic background exhibited a wilty phenotype in rosette leaves, whereas seed dormancy was not affected (Seo et al., 2000a). Therefore, it was speculated that a different aldehyde oxidase would be the major contributor to ABA biosynthesis in seeds (Seo et al., 2000a). Through a screening based on germination under high-salt concentration, we isolated two mutants in a Columbia genetic background, initially named sre2-1 and sre2-2 (for salt resistant). Complementation tests with different ABA-deficient mutants indicated that sre2-1 and sre2-2 mutants were allelic to aao3-1, and therefore they were renamed as aao3-2 and aao3-3, respectively. Indeed, molecular characterization of the aao3-2 mutant revealed a T-DNA insertional mutation that abolished the transcription of AAO3 gene, while sequence analysis of AAO3 in aao3-3 mutant revealed a deletion of three nucleotides and several missense mutations. Physiological characterization of aao3-2 and aao3-3 mutants revealed a wilty phenotype and osmotolerance in germination assays. In contrast to aao3-1, both aao3-2 and aao3-3 mutants showed a reduced dormancy. Accordingly, ABA levels were reduced in dry seeds and rosette leaves of both aao3-2 and aao3-3. Taken together, these results indicate that AAO3 gene product plays a major role in seed ABA biosynthesis.

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“…All reactions in the de novo biosynthetic pathway have been elucidated in detail in various plant species (Marin et al, 1996;Tan et al, 1997;Qin and Zeevaart, 1999;Iuchi et al, 2000;Agrawal et al, 2001). Many mutants in the biosynthetic pathway have been isolated and used to define the exact steps and reaction sequences (Cheng et al, 2002;Xiong et al, 2002). These biosynthetic mutants were instrumental for full analysis and elucidation of the de novo pathway for ABA synthesis.…”

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Abscisic Acid Uridine Diphosphate Glucosyltransferases Play a Crucial Role in Abscisic Acid Homeostasis in Arabidopsis

Park

Kim

et al. 2014

Plant Physiol.

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The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) is crucial for plant growth and adaptive responses to various stress conditions. Plants continuously adjust the ABA level to meet physiological needs, but how ABA homeostasis occurs is not fully understood. This study provides evidence that UGT71B6, an ABA uridine diphosphate glucosyltransferase (UGT), and its two closely related homologs, UGT71B7 and UGT71B8, play crucial roles in ABA homeostasis and in adaptation to dehydration, osmotic stress, and high-salinity stresses in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). UGT RNA interference plants that had low levels of these three UGT transcripts displayed hypersensitivity to exogenous ABA and high-salt conditions during germination and exhibited a defect in plant growth. However, the ectopic expression of UGT71B6 in the atbg1 (for b-glucosidase) mutant background aggravated the ABA-deficient phenotype of atbg1 mutant plants. In addition, modulation of the expression of the three UGTs affects the expression of CYP707A1 to CYP707A4, which encode ABA 89-hydroxylases; four CYP707As were expressed at higher levels in the UGT RNA interference plants but at lower levels in the UGT71B6:GFP-overexpressing plants. Based on these data, this study proposes that UGT71B6 and its two homologs play a critical role in ABA homeostasis by converting active ABA to an inactive form (abscisic acid-glucose ester) depending on intrinsic cellular and environmental conditions in plants.

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A Unique Short-Chain Dehydrogenase/Reductase in Arabidopsis Glucose Signaling and Abscisic Acid Biosynthesis and Functions

Cited by 742 publications

References 83 publications

Seasonal Variation in Contents of Sugars in Different Parts of Broccoli

Seasonal Variation in Contents of Sugars in Different Parts of Broccoli

Two New Alleles of the abscisic aldehyde oxidase 3 Gene Reveal Its Role in Abscisic Acid Biosynthesis in Seeds

Abscisic Acid Uridine Diphosphate Glucosyltransferases Play a Crucial Role in Abscisic Acid Homeostasis in Arabidopsis

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