A Unique Branching Pattern of the Axillary Artery: A Case Report

Bagoji, Ishwar B.; Hadimani, Gavishiddappa A.; Bannur, B M; Patil, Bhushan; Bharatha, Ambadasu

doi:10.7860/jcdr/2013/5883.3795

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Ishwar B.Bagoji et al 2013 [8] encountered the anomalous branching in the third part of Axillary artery which was terminated into Subscapular arterial trunk, Superficial and deep brachial artery. From the Subscapular arterial trunk, Circumflex scapular artery, Thoarcodorsal artery, Posterior circumflex humeral artery, Thoraco acromial artery and Lateral thoracic arteries arose.…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unilateral Variation in the Branching Pattern of Right Axillary Artery: A Case Report

Vasuki¹,

Devi²,

Sundaram³

et al. 2015

IJAR

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Axillary artery and its branches are prone to have variations in their course. Knowledge about such variations are important for Radiologists in imaging techniques, Surgeons,Orthopedicians and Anesthetists in performing surgeries in the axilla and giving regional nerve blocks in the axilla.During dissection of a cadaver in the department of Anatomy, PSG IMS &R, Coimbatore, India. We observed a variation in the third part of right Axillary artery. From the common trunk, Subscapular artery, Anterior and Posterior circumflex humeral arteries and Profunda brachii artery arose. Third part of Axillary artery continued down as brachial artery. We are highlighting the variation in this study.

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Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unilateral Variation in the Branching Pattern of Right Axillary Artery: A Case Report

Vasuki¹,

Devi²,

Sundaram³

et al. 2015

IJAR

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“…Although it is frequently the last branch originating from the AA, with a prevalence of origin variations reported to be 33 − 42 % [ 2 , 3 ], the deep brachial artery (DBA), which normally originates from the proximal brachial artery, may have an aberrant origin and also arise from the dorsal AA, near to and closely resembling the PCHA (Figs. 1 and 2 ) [ 4 – 6 ]. Since the PCHA is prone to injury in overhead athletes where the DBA has not been reported to be at risk in overhead athletes in the medical literature, it is important to distinguish between the PCHA and the DBA [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound assessment of the posterior circumflex humeral artery in elite volleyball players: Aneurysm prevalence, anatomy, branching pattern and vessel characteristics

et al. 2016

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ObjectivesTo determine the prevalence of posterior circumflex humeral artery (PCHA) aneurysms and vessel characteristics of the PCHA and deep brachial artery (DBA) in elite volleyball players.MethodsTwo-hundred and eighty players underwent standardized ultrasound assessment of the dominant arm by a vascular technologist. Assessment included determination of PCHA aneurysms (defined as segmental vessel dilatation ≥150 %), PCHA and DBA anatomy, branching pattern, vessel course and diameter.ResultsThe PCHA and DBA were identified in 100 % and 93 % (260/280) of cases, respectively. The prevalence of PCHA aneurysms was 4.6 % (13/280). All aneurysms were detected in proximal PCHA originating from the axillary artery (AA). The PCHA originated from the AA in 81 % of cases (228/280), and showed a curved course dorsally towards the humeral head in 93 % (211/228). The DBA originated from the AA in 73 % of cases (190/260), and showed a straight course parallel to the AA in 93 % (177/190).ConclusionsPCHA aneurysm prevalence in elite volleyball players is high and associated with a specific branching type: a PCHA that originates from the axillary artery. Radiologists should have a high index of suspicion for this vascular overuse injury. For the first time vessel characteristics and reference values are described to facilitate ultrasound assessment.Key Points• Prevalence of PCHA aneurysms is 4.6 % among elite volleyball players. • All aneurysms are in proximal PCHA that originates directly from AA. • Vessel characteristics and reference values are described to facilitate US assessment. • Mean PCHA and DBA diameters can be used as reference values. • Radiologists need a high index of suspicion for this vascular overuse injury.

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“…Although the PCHA is frequently the last branch arising from the AA, with a prevalence of origin variations reported to be 33-42 % [ 11 , 12 ], the deep brachial artery (DBA), which normally arises from the proximal brachial artery, may have an aberrant origin and also arise from the dorsal AA nearby and closely resembling the PCHA (Figs. 2 & 3 ) [ 13 – 15 ]. The PCHA is prone to degeneration in overhead athletes where the DBA has not been reported to be at risk in overhead athletes in the medical literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproducibility of the SPI-US protocol for ultrasound diameter measurements of the Posterior Circumflex Humeral Artery and Deep Brachial Artery: an inter-rater reliability study

et al. 2015

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ObjectivesElite overhead athletes are at risk of posterior circumflex humeral artery (PCHA) degeneration, aneurysm formation and thrombosis. Identification of the proximal PCHA and the nearby originating deep brachial artery (DBA) can be a challenge, even among experienced sonographers. The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy and precision of a newly designed standardized ultrasound (US) protocol (SPI-US) for assessment of the PCHA and DBA.MethodsTwo experienced sonographers determined diameters of the PCHA and DBA using the SPI-US protocol. Inter-observer agreement was evaluated using intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), standard error of measurement (SEM), minimal detectable change (MDC), Bland-Altman (BA) analysis, and variance component (VARCOMP) analysis.ResultsThirty-three healthy volunteers participated. The ICC for diameter measurement of the PCHA and DBA were 0.70 (95 %CI 0.50-0.83) and 0.60 (95 %CI 0.30-0.80), respectively. The SEM for the PCHA and DBA was 0.32 mm and 0.29 mm and MDC was 0.90 mm and 0.80 mm, respectively. The BA and VARCOMP analyses showed no systematic and only marginal sonographer bias.ConclusionsThe SPI-US protocol is accurate and precise for PCHA and DBA diameter assessment in cases where they originate from the axillary artery. PCHA and DBA diameter measurements are sonographer-independent using the SPI-US-protocol.Key points• PCHA & DBA diameter assessment is accurate and reliable using the SPI-US protocol• PCHA & DBA diameter measurements are sonographer-independent using the SPI-US protocol• The SPI-US protocol minimal detectable change is 0.90 mm for PCHA diameter measurement• This minimal detectable change enables detection of PCHA aneurysms• First step towards international periodic surveillance of athletes at risk of PCHA-injury

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A Unique Branching Pattern of the Axillary Artery: A Case Report

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Unilateral Variation in the Branching Pattern of Right Axillary Artery: A Case Report

Unilateral Variation in the Branching Pattern of Right Axillary Artery: A Case Report

Ultrasound assessment of the posterior circumflex humeral artery in elite volleyball players: Aneurysm prevalence, anatomy, branching pattern and vessel characteristics

Reproducibility of the SPI-US protocol for ultrasound diameter measurements of the Posterior Circumflex Humeral Artery and Deep Brachial Artery: an inter-rater reliability study

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