A Unified Framework for Participation of Responsive End-User Devices in Voltage and Frequency Control of the Smart Grid

Bayat, Mohammad; Sheshyekani, Keyhan; Rezazadeh, Alireza

doi:10.1109/tpwrs.2014.2344133

Cited by 45 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In the above-mentioned references that have addressed the MG scheduling with considering DR participants, the MG security issues are not studied. However, some other works tackle the problem of optimal energy resources and demand-side scheduling with considering system security issues [19]- [23]. For example, a stochastic multi-objective framework is proposed in [19] for joint energy and reserve scheduling in day-ahead, however this reference does not consider AC network, voltage security, load and wind power uncertainties.…”

Section: Ns T I R mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Likewise, an energy management strategy is proposed in [22] to coordinately manage the generating units and DR resources in a MG such that both static and dynamic frequency security constraints are met, however, the effect of DR participants on voltage security is not investigated. A control framework for the participation of responsive loads in the voltage and frequency control of a given MG is proposed in [23]. Moreover, a hierarchical energy management framework for the coordination of DER units and DR for voltage and frequency support of islanded MGs is introduced in [24].…”

Section: Ns T I R mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimal scheduling of distributed energy resources and responsive loads in islanded microgrids considering voltage and frequency security constraints

Vahedipour‐Dahraie

Najafi

Anvari‐Moghaddam

et al. 2018

Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy

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Low inertia of distributed energy resources (DERs), high penetration levels of renewable energy sources (RESs) and load demand variations put the islanded microgrids (MGs) security at risk of instability. This paper proposes a twostage stochastic model for coordination of DERs and responsive loads in islanded MGs with regard to voltage and frequency security constraints. Based on the proposed model, scheduling of the controllable units in both supply and demand sides is done in a way not only to maximize the expected profit of MG operator (MGO), but also to minimize the energy payments of customers under the premise of security and stability of MG. An AC optimal power flow (AC-OPF) procedure is also used to study operating condition of the system under uncertainties and to guarantee acceptable nodal voltages and system frequency during different scenarios. The proposed stochastic optimization model is then applied to a typical autonomous MG and its effectiveness is demonstrated through different scenarios under uncertainties in load consumption and renewable energy resources (RESs) productions. Simulation results demonstrate that customers' participation in DR programs have significant effect on the system's performance in terms of voltage and frequency stability. Moreover, optimal coordination of DERs and responsive loads can increase the expected profit of MGO significantly. The effectiveness of the proposed scheduling approach is verified on an islanded MG test system over a 24-h period.Index Terms-Demand response (DR), microgrid (MG), distributed energy resource (DER), voltage and frequency security, renewable energy sources (RESs). DR t j D BIncome of group j of customer at period t after implementing DR programs. ,t j BIncome of group j of customer at period t when the demand is at nominal value. Energy bid submitted by wind unit w (PV v) in period t (cents/kWh).Bid of the up (down)-spinning reserve submitted by DG i in period t (cents/kWh).Bid of the non-spinning reserve submitted by DG i in period t (cents/kWh).Bid of the up (down)-spinning reserve submitted by load j in period t (cents/kWh).Demand of load j in period t (and scenario s) (kW).Demand of load group j after implementing DR programs in period t (kW).Self-elasticity (Cross-elasticity) of load group j. LFMaximum power flow from node n to r (kW). 2I. Introduction Recently, microgrid (MG) idea has been introduced to transform the conventional power systems to a more reliable, economic and environmentally friendly system. The diversified load consumption pattern and availability of power from green distributed energy resources (DERs) cause supply-demand mismatch in MGs. Optimal operation of MGs both technically and economically mainly relies on the coordination between different components including DERs, energy storage systems (ESSs), and responsive loads [1]- [2]. In grid-connected MGs, normally the economic operation is the main objective as there is a stiff-grid on upstream to support the system frequency and voltage at the point of ...

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Section: Ns T I R mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ns T I R mentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal scheduling of distributed energy resources and responsive loads in islanded microgrids considering voltage and frequency security constraints

Vahedipour‐Dahraie

Najafi

Anvari‐Moghaddam

et al. 2018

Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy

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“…Compared to the conventional regulating facilities in the system, DERs could be an attractive alternative candidate to provide system services, e.g., voltage regulation. Many voltage control solutions are proposed in the literature to mitigate negative impacts of DER integration and existing grid-operating problems [2], [3]. However, there lacks some considerations related to their deployment, especially in a liberal market environment [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid control scheme for distributed energy resource management in a market context

Han

Bindner

Mehmedalic

et al. 2015

2015 IEEE Power &Amp; Energy Society General Meeting

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Abstract-In modernizing the electricity grid, distributed energy resources (DERs) can play an important role in accommodating intermittent energy sources, assisting system operation and the transition to a smart grid. Proper aggregation and coordination of the available DER units is required to provide flexibility to meet regular demand from the distribution system operator (DSO). By considering both their physical constraints and the economical system operation, this paper proposes a realtime hybrid management system for DER units in a market environment, which considers both the request from the DSO and their local conditions. Voltage regulation service is formulated and implemented in the control frame. The performance is evaluated through simulation on an existing Danish MV and LV distribution grid and is compared with a local control method and the passive operation condition.

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“…As the ability to control loads in response to incentives becomes more prevalent, DERs become an attractive candidate to provide system services, e.g., voltage regulation. Different forms of voltage control solutions are proposed in the literature to mitigate negative impacts of DER integration and existing grid-operating problems [2]- [6]. [2] designed a hierarchical framework for DER management and distribution grid operation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different forms of voltage control solutions are proposed in the literature to mitigate negative impacts of DER integration and existing grid-operating problems [2]- [6]. [2] designed a hierarchical framework for DER management and distribution grid operation. In the framework, a sensitivity matrix is being used to describe the relation between voltage and power injection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coordinated voltage control scheme for distribution grid with on-load tap-changer and distributed energy resources in a market context

Han

Bindner

Mehmedalic

et al. 2015

IECON 2015 - 41st Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society

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Document Version Peer reviewed version Link back to DTU Orbit Citation (APA):Han, X., Bindner, H. W., Mehmedalic, J., & Tackie, D. V. (2015). Coordinated voltage control scheme for distribution grid with on-load tap-changer and distributed energy resources in a market context. Abstract-The evolutionary changes in the electricity system are reshaping the system operation and control to achieve a more sustainable environment. In this transition, distributed energy resources (DERs) may introduce some problems, such as intermittent features, but could also play an important role on accommodating the intermittence and assisting system operation. A proper aggregation and coordination scheme of DER units is required to enable the flexibility provision in an economical and efficient manner. In the meanwhile, nondistruptive control of the units is essential to guarantee their long-term active participation. In addition, a newly established system should also allow and coordinate other controllable grid facilities. This paper proposes a hierarchical operating framework for DER units and controllable grid assets in a market environment. Voltage regulation as a common distributed system service is used for case study. The necessity of the coordination between DER units and the grid facilities, e.g., on-load tap-changer (OLTC), is addressed.

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A Unified Framework for Participation of Responsive End-User Devices in Voltage and Frequency Control of the Smart Grid

Cited by 45 publications

References 25 publications

Optimal scheduling of distributed energy resources and responsive loads in islanded microgrids considering voltage and frequency security constraints

Optimal scheduling of distributed energy resources and responsive loads in islanded microgrids considering voltage and frequency security constraints

Hybrid control scheme for distributed energy resource management in a market context

Coordinated voltage control scheme for distribution grid with on-load tap-changer and distributed energy resources in a market context

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