A Unified Control Platform and Architecture for the Integration of Wind-Hydrogen Systems Into the Grid

Abstract

Hydrogen is a promising energy vector for achieving renewable integration into the grid, thus fostering the decarbonization of the energy sector. This paper presents the control platform architecture of a real hydrogen-based energy production, storage, and re-electrification system (HESS) paired to a wind farm located in north Norway and connected to the main grid. The HESS consists of an electrolyser, a hydrogen tank, and a fuel cell. The control platform includes the management software, the control algorithms, and the automation technologies operating the HESS in order to address the three use cases (electricity storage, mini-grid, and fuel production) identified in the IEA-HIA Task24 final report, that promote the integration of wind energy into the main grid. The control algorithms have been already developed by the same authors in other papers using mixed-logical dynamical modeling, and implemented via a two-layer model predictive control scheme for each use case, and are quickly introduced in order to make evident their integration into the presented architecture. Simulation test runs with real equipment data, wind generation, load profiles, and market prices are also reported so as to highlight the control platform performances.Note to Practitioners-The paper develops the integration between the management platform of a HESS, paired to a real wind farm in northern Norway, and the control algorithms aimed at scheduling hydrogen production and re-electrification on the basis of several forecast streams about exogenous conditions and different possible operating modes of the wind-hydrogen system.

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