A unified approach for hydrological modeling of arid catchments for flood hazards assessment: case study of wadi Itwad, southwest of Saudi Arabia

Elfeki, Amro; Masoud, Milad; Basahi, Jalal M.; Zaidi, Syed

doi:10.1007/s12517-020-05430-7

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The example results of surface water modeling are shown in Figure 18. The result shows the typical hydrograph in the arid region, characterized by a steep rising limb (a short time to reach the peak) and rapid recession to zero flow [22]. Figure 18 shows no runoff conditions occurred in November 2019.…”

Section: Hyetograph and Hydrographmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The most common storm duration in Saudi Arabia is 3 h [22]. Elfeki et al [23] proposed the appropriate dimensionless cumulative hyetograph for some areas in Saudi Arabia.…”

Section: Rainfall Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the arid region, Elfeki et al [22] found that there is a correlation between CN and K. This correlation is presented using the empirical equation of Van Mullem's [21] (Equations ( 8) and ( 9)).…”

Section: Surface Water Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integrated Surface Water and Groundwater Modeling in Arid Environment, Al-Lusub Watershed, Saudi Arabia

Al-Amri

Budiman

Elfeki

2022

Water

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Coupling surface and groundwater for a better understanding of the hydrologic response in arid basins is essential for managing water resources. The study aims to integrate surface water (SW) and groundwater (GW) modeling in an arid environment and to identify groundwater sources at Hadat Ash-Sham farm station in the Al-Lusub watershed, located in the western part of Saudi Arabia. The curve number (CN) method for SW modeling is primarily used to estimate GW potential recharge based on a developed correlation equation between event-based rainfall and potential recharge, which is processed in the Hydrologic Engineering Center-Hydrologic Modeling System (HEC-HMS) software. Monthly potential recharge is utilized to compute GW modeling in MODFLOW. Van Mullem’s equation is used to calculate hydraulic conductivity (K) from CN. The calibration of steady-state GW modeling reveals that the K (from Van Mullem’s equation) is within the range of measured K in the field. The transient groundwater modeling phase concludes that the groundwater system in the Al-Lusub watershed can be interpreted based on two different scenarios. The first is that an extra recharge from a nearby watershed flows through the geological structure into a downstream area. The second scenario involves potential recharge from surface water flowing on the Al-Lusub watershed’s mainstream bed. Validation reveals a strong relationship between predicted and observed water tables. The root mean square error (RMSE) for Scenarios 1 and 2 are 0.6 m and 0.7 m, respectively. Further investigation is needed to determine the region’s most common scenario.

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Section: Hyetograph and Hydrographmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The most common storm duration in Saudi Arabia is 3 h [22]. Elfeki et al [23] proposed the appropriate dimensionless cumulative hyetograph for some areas in Saudi Arabia.…”

Section: Rainfall Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integrated Surface Water and Groundwater Modeling in Arid Environment, Al-Lusub Watershed, Saudi Arabia

Al-Amri

Budiman

Elfeki

2022

Water

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“…In Egypt and Saudi Arabia, flash floods are considered to be one of the worst hazards [1][2][3]. There have been numerous flash floods in these locations that have caused substantial social, environmental, and economic losses [5,[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Floods may transport large sediment loads, endangering wadi settlements and the people who live there [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Applications of Flash Flood Hazard Assessment Techniques: Case Studies from Egypt and Saudi Arabia

Mansour

Ibrahim

Fujii

et al. 2022

AEF

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Flash floods are severe natural disasters due to their suddenness, frequency, and destruction. Every year, flash floods occur in Egypt and Saudi Arabia, which are located in the heart of the Middle East. Extensive areas in Egypt and Saudi Arabia are covered by mountainous topography. Intense rainfall can generate flash floods with their magnitude dependent on geomorphology and storm characteristics. Flash flood hazard assessment is a feasible way to mitigate potential damage and losses. Illumination, review, and comparison of assessment techniques of flash flood hazards represent an urgent necessity to evaluate advances and challenges in this discipline. Google-scholar and Scopus were used to collect 50 recent scientific papers, most of them published between 2011 and 2021, using the keywords: floods, hazards, assessment, Egypt, Saudi Arabia. Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information systems (GIS) are the cornerstones of these studies, which include the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and geoprocessing tools. The two items facilitate the calculation of morphometric parameters. Dividing the area and determining the hazard level were the main steps in flash flood hazard assessment. The considered studies relied on varied sets of morphometric parameters that ranged from 3 to 24 morphometric parameters. Area, ruggedness ratio, basin shape index, stream frequency, slope index, and drainage density are the common parameters in the assessment of flash flood hazards. In a flood zone, buildings made from brick have better sustainability in terms of both global warming mitigation and life cycle cost than other materials. Future studies are essential to illustrate the relationships between different morphometric parameters and flash flood hazard degree through field data and define a reliable unified set of morphometric parameters to assess the flash flood hazard degree.

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“…The reason these values are high is that the phi (Ф) index method does to take into consideration the initial abstractions in the basins. Recently, some flash flood studies have been carried out in the study basins, which have focused on the estimation of transmission losses (Elfeki et al, 2014), modelling of flash floods incorporating transmission losses (Noor & Elfeki, 2017), curve number (CN) estimation from field measurements (Farran & Elfeki, 2020a, 2020b, 2020c) estimation of CN from infiltration tests (Elfeki et al, 2020). De Vries and Simmers (2002) stated that despite the numerous studies on the determination of recharge fluxes in arid and semi‐arid regions remain subject to uncertainty.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aquifer recharge from flash floods in the arid environment: A mass balance approach at the catchment scale

Farran

Al-Amri

Elfeki

2021

Hydrological Processes

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Estimation of the infiltration/natural recharge to groundwater from rainfall is an important issue in hydrology, particularly in arid regions. This paper proposes the application of The Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) mass balance model to develop infiltration (F)-rainfall (P) relationship from flash flood events.Moreover, the NRCS method is compared with the rational and the Ф-index methods to investigate the discrepancies between these methods. The methods have been applied to five gauged basins and their 19 sub-basins (representative basins with detailed measurements) in the southwestern part of Saudi Arabia with 161 storms recorded in 4 years. The F-P relationships developed in this study based on NRCS method are: F = 39% P with R 2 = 0.932 for the initial abstraction factor, λ = 0.2. However, F = 77% P with R 2 = 0.986 for λ = 0.01. The model at λ = 0.01 is the best to fit the data, therefore, it is recommended to use the formula at λ = 0.01. The results show that the NRCS model is appropriate for the estimation of the F-P relationships in arid regions when compared with the rational and the Ф index methods.The latter overestimates the infiltration because they do not take λ into account.There is no significant difference between F-P relationships at different time scales. This helps the prediction of infiltration rates for aquifer recharge at ungauged basins from monthly and annual rainfall data with a single formula.

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A unified approach for hydrological modeling of arid catchments for flood hazards assessment: case study of wadi Itwad, southwest of Saudi Arabia

Cited by 9 publications

References 31 publications

Integrated Surface Water and Groundwater Modeling in Arid Environment, Al-Lusub Watershed, Saudi Arabia

Integrated Surface Water and Groundwater Modeling in Arid Environment, Al-Lusub Watershed, Saudi Arabia

Recent Applications of Flash Flood Hazard Assessment Techniques: Case Studies from Egypt and Saudi Arabia

Aquifer recharge from flash floods in the arid environment: A mass balance approach at the catchment scale

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