A typology of fisheries management tools: using experience to catalyse greater success

Abstract

Fisheries provide nutrition and livelihoods for coastal populations, but many fisheries are fully or over-exploited and we lack an approach for analysing which factors affect management tool performance. We conducted a literature review of 390 studies to assess how fisheries characteristics affected management tool performance across both small-scale and large-scale fisheries. We defined success as increased or maintained abundance or biomass, reductions in fishing mortality or improvements in population status. Because the literature only covered a narrow set of biological factors, we also conducted an expert elicitation to create a typology of broader fishery characteristics, enabling conditions and design considerations that affect performance. The literature suggested that the most commonly used management tool in a region was often the most successful, although the scale of success varied. Management tools were more often deemed successful when used in combination, particularly pairings of tools that controlled fishing mortality or effort with spatial management. Examples of successful combinations were the use of catch limits with quotas and limited entry, and marine protected areas with effort restrictions. The most common factors associated with inadequate biological performance were 'structural' issues, including poor design or implementation. The expert-derived typologies revealed strong local leadership, high community involvement and governance

The use of spatial management tools in rights‐based groundfish fisheries

“…In this section, we discuss the specific design features including motivations for implementation, numbers and sizes of reserves in each area, allowable uses, and differences in temporal patterns and restrictions. Tractable objectives are important for effective management, but the practical design and implementation of management tools are ultimately the determinants of success (Selig et al., ). These case‐studies all use spatial management tools to supplement rights‐based quota management, but the objectives and consequent design attributes vary widely (Tables and ).…”

Interactions and management for the future of marine aquaculture and capture fisheries

“…Fishery management approaches are designed to achieve one or more of the following goals: control fishing mortality, restore age‐structure, protect marine habitat and/or protect subpopulation structure to preserve genetic diversity (Selig et al., ). Over‐exploitation is likely to remain the primary concern for fisheries management, and the effects of overfishing could influence both the degree to which capture fisheries and mariculture overlap and/or conflict and the resilience of wild stocks to potential negative externalities of mariculture.…”

Low satisfaction and failed relational coordination among relevant stakeholders in Spanish Mediterranean marine protected areas

“…They are increasingly being applied worldwide -there are now more than 15,000 MPAs around the world, which cumulatively cover 7.26% of ocean waters (UNEP-WCMC, 2018). When designed and managed properly, they benefit ecosystems as a whole, individual species (Sala and Giakoumi, 2018), fisheries (Selig et al, 2017) and socio-economic systems (Ban et al, 2017). The caveat here, is that MPAs must be properly managed, with all drivers involved in a wellfunctioning MPA adequately implemented-the creation an MPA alone does not automatically lead to success (Rife et al 2013).…”