A two-step biodiesel production process from waste cooking oil via recycling crude glycerol esterification catalyzed by alkali catalyst

Cai, Zi-zhe; Wang, Yong; Teng, Yinglai; Chong, Ka-Man; Wang, Jiawei; Zhang, Jiewen; Yang, Dan

doi:10.1016/j.fuproc.2015.04.017

Cited by 86 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The acidified oil is composed of 43.15 wt% oleic, 35.19 wt% linoleic, 13.34 wt% palmitic, 5.09 wt% linolenic and 3.23 wt% stearic. The main components in the feedstock are oleic acid, linoleic acid and palmitic acid, which are consistent with the data from Cai et al [30].…”

Section: Fatty Acid Composition Of Feedstocksupporting

confidence: 91%

Statistical modeling/optimization and process intensification of microwave-assisted acidified oil esterification

et al. 2016

Energy Conversion and Management

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Section: Fatty Acid Composition Of Feedstocksupporting

confidence: 91%

Statistical modeling/optimization and process intensification of microwave-assisted acidified oil esterification

et al. 2016

Energy Conversion and Management

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“…Alkali catalysts are relatively lower in cost with high biodiesel yield [9,10] while acid catalysts are more suitable for high free fatty acids (FFA) feedstocks. [11,12] Two-step acid then alkali catalysts are used for very high FFA content in the oil (up to 4%) where acid is added first then alkali transesterification is performed.…”

Section: Biodiesel Production Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiesel production from waste cooking oil in Yemen: a techno-economic investigation

et al. 2016

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“…However, each of them has its own drawbacks. In case of homogeneous catalysts, soap formation [6], water washings and glycerol purity have a telling impact on the cost of the process, whereas in heterogeneous systems, requirement of higher reaction temperatures and pressures greatly influence the cost of production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of a reusable novel catalyst (β-tricalcium phosphate) for biodiesel production from a common Indian tribal feedstock

Madhu

Sharma

2017

Resource-Efficient Technologies

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In recent times, the rate of energy consumption goes on increasing and the world is desperately searching for new sources of fuel. Biodiesel (fatty acid methyl esters) is an alternative renewable energy resource for the next generation. Biodiesel has several advantages which include its non-toxic nature, it is biodegradable and it reduces greenhouse gas emissions. β-Tricalcium phosphate (β-Ca3(PO4)2) catalyst was synthesized from fish waste. Fish waste contains calcium phosphate which is converted into β-tricalcium phosphate since it has low crystallinity and hydroxyl (OH) groups which decrease the potential to be a good catalyst for the synthesis of biodiesel through transesterification. This paper explores the synthesis of biodiesel using β-tricalcium phosphate (β-Ca3(PO4)2) as a heterogeneous catalyst. Pongamia pinnata (Karanja) oil was extracted from seeds through the solvent extraction process. Intended for the development of easier transesterification process, stable and active heterogeneous β-tricalcium phosphate (β-Ca3(PO4)2) catalyst was synthesized and used for the P. pinnata (Karanja) oil transesterification process. The synthesized heterogeneous catalyst was characterized by XRD, FT-IR, SEM and EDX to determine its structural and morphological characteristics. The catalyst exhibited good catalytic activity on reuse. Biodiesel yield was greatly dependent on operating parameters such as catalyst concentration, methanol to oil molar ratio, reaction temperature and reaction time. Effect of co-solvent on biodiesel was studied by using different co-solvents in transestrification reactions. High quality and maximum biodiesel yield (97 %) was obtained under the optimized reaction conditions (methanol to oil molar ratio, 10:1 (tetrahydrofuran (THF):methanol 1:1); reaction time 90 min; catalyst concentration 2.5 wt % and stirrer speed 650 rpm at 65°C). Reusability of catalyst was examined up to five runs and found the catalyst was reusable up to five times without much loss of catalytic activity.

show abstract

A two-step biodiesel production process from waste cooking oil via recycling crude glycerol esterification catalyzed by alkali catalyst

Cited by 86 publications

References 26 publications

Statistical modeling/optimization and process intensification of microwave-assisted acidified oil esterification

Statistical modeling/optimization and process intensification of microwave-assisted acidified oil esterification

Biodiesel production from waste cooking oil in Yemen: a techno-economic investigation

Synthesis of a reusable novel catalyst (β-tricalcium phosphate) for biodiesel production from a common Indian tribal feedstock

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