A two-stage pulse tube cooler operating below 4 K

Wang, C.; Thummes, G.; Heiden, C.

doi:10.1016/s0011-2275(96)00112-9

Cited by 90 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 4 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The PTC used in this work is an advanced version of the first two-stage 4 K PTC that was built at the University of Giessen in 1996 [7]. More details of this cooler are given in [3,8,9].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For operation near 4 K it is impractical to employ normal metals for this purpose since the volumetric specific heat of helium greatly exceeds that of normal metals at liquid helium temperatures. Rare-earth based magnetic intermetallic compounds [4,5] or ceramics [6] with high volumetric specific heat near 4 K have been successfully used as matrix material in the coldest regenerator of 4 K GM-coolers and pulse tube coolers [7][8][9]. In this paper, we propose to employ such magnetic regenerator materials for the damping of temperature oscillations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Damping of Intrinsic Temperature Oscillations in a 4 K Pulse Tube Cooler by Means of Rare Earth Plates

Allweins¹,

Qiu²,

Thummes³

2008

AIP Conference Proceedings

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The PTC used in this work is an advanced version of the first two-stage 4 K PTC that was built at the University of Giessen in 1996 [7]. More details of this cooler are given in [3,8,9].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Damping of Intrinsic Temperature Oscillations in a 4 K Pulse Tube Cooler by Means of Rare Earth Plates

Allweins¹,

Qiu²,

Thummes³

2008

AIP Conference Proceedings

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The receivers are cooled by closed-cycle pulse tube refrigerators, model PTD-406C from TransMIT GmbH [31]. The pulse tube was custom modified to accommodate a small 0.2 L helium pot, connected directly to the 2 nd stage.…”

Section: ) Pulse Tube Coolermentioning

confidence: 99%

First Supra-THz Heterodyne Array Receivers for Astronomy With the SOFIA Observatory

Risacher

Güsten

Stützki³

et al. 2016

IEEE Trans. THz Sci. Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract-We present the upGREAT THz heterodyne arrays for far-infrared astronomy. The Low Frequency Array (LFA) is designed to cover the 1.9-2.5 THz range using 2x7-pixel waveguide-based HEB mixer arrays in a dual polarization configuration. The High Frequency Array (HFA) will perform observations of the [OI] line at ~4.745 THz using a 7-pixel waveguide-based HEB mixer array. This paper describes the common design for both arrays, cooled to 4.5 K using closedcycle pulse tube technology. We then show the laboratory and telescope characterization of the first array with its 14 pixels (LFA), which culminated in the successful commissioning in May 2015 aboard the SOFIA airborne observatory observing the [CII] fine structure transition at 1.905 THz. This is the first successful demonstration of astronomical observations with a heterodyne focal plane array above 1 THz and is also the first time highpower closed-cycle coolers for temperatures below 4.5 K are operated on an airborne platform.

show abstract

“…Pulse tube cryocoolers (PTCs) operate with oscillating pressure and mass flow with no moving parts at the cold end. Compared with a G-M type pulse tube cryocooler (GMPTC) that operates at about 1-2 Hz (Gao and Matsubara, 1994;Wang et al, 1997;Chen et al, 1997), a Stirling type pulse tube cryocooler (SPTC), operating at 30-60 Hz, has a compact structure and light weight, making it very appealing for space and military applications mentioned above (Kotsubo et al, 1998;Radebaugh, 1999;Marquardt and Radebaugh, 2000;Tward et al, 2001;Gan et al, 2008;Yan et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of a precooled 4 K Stirling type high frequency pulse tube cryocooler with Gd2O2S

Jiang

Gan

et al. 2014

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. A

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:The efficiency of 4 K Stirling type pulse tube cryocoolers (SPTCs) is rather low due to significant regenerator losses associated with the unique properties of helium around 4 K and the high operating frequencies. In this paper, regenerator performance at liquid helium temperature regions under high frequencies is investigated based on a single-stage SPTC precooled by a two-stage Gifford-McMahon type pulse tube cryocooler (GMPTC). The 4 K SPTC used a 10 K cold inertance tube as phase shifters for better phase relationship between pressure and mass flow. The effect of the operating parameters, including frequency and average pressure on the performance of the 4 K SPTC, was investigated and the first and second precooling powers provided by the GMPTC were obtained. To reduce the regenerator heat transfer losses, a multi-layer regenerator matrix, including Gd 2 O 2 S (GOS) and HoCu 2 , was used instead of a single-layer HoCu 2 around 4 K. A theoretical and experimental comparison between the two types of regenerator materials was made and the precooling requirements for a regenerator operating at high frequencies to reach liquid helium temperatures were given, which provided guidance for the design of a three-stage SPTC.

show abstract

A two-stage pulse tube cooler operating below 4 K

Cited by 90 publications

References 4 publications

Damping of Intrinsic Temperature Oscillations in a 4 K Pulse Tube Cooler by Means of Rare Earth Plates

Damping of Intrinsic Temperature Oscillations in a 4 K Pulse Tube Cooler by Means of Rare Earth Plates

First Supra-THz Heterodyne Array Receivers for Astronomy With the SOFIA Observatory

Performance of a precooled 4 K Stirling type high frequency pulse tube cryocooler with Gd2O2S

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About