A two-stage overload strategy of oil-immersed transformers considering operation risk

He, Dongyang; Guo, Chuangxin; Du, Xiuming; Bai, Ding

doi:10.1109/pesgm.2017.8274403

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…For instance, in 2007, Savaghebi [70] among others determined the loading capability as a function of voltage variation (including over-excitation) and in 2008 [61] for non-linear currents (harmonics). Other factors, affecting transformer limits, can be grouped as follows: economical [42,[71][72][73][74]; probabilistic [62,[75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82]; statistical [38,77,[83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90]. 4 OLTC stands for an On-Load Tap Changer…”

Section: Literature Review On Transformer Limitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy limit of oil‐immersed transformers: A concept and its application in different climate conditions

Daminov

Prokhorov

Caire

et al. 2020

IET Generation Trans & Dist

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The reality of modern power grids requires the use of flexibilities from generation, load and storage. These flexibilities allow system operators to modify a transformer loading in a smart way. Therefore, power constraints of transformers can be overcome by using the appropriate flexibility. However, transformers have a physical limit of energy transfer which cannot be overpassed. This energy limit represents the unique transformer's loading profile, ensuring the highest energy transfer under a given ambient temperature profile. The paper explains how the energy limit can be calculated. Typical characteristics of an energy limit are estimated in cold continental climate of Russia and warm temperate climate in France. Maximal, minimal and mean loadings are identified for each month. Loading durations of energy limit are determined for each cooling system. It is found that winding temperatures of transformers, operating at energy limits, remain in the vicinity of design winding temperature. Therefore, transformer operation at energy limit avoids a high temperature stress and simultaneously maximizes the energy transfer. The application of energy limits for power system problems is briefly explained along the paper. Energy limit application can reduce an energy cost, maximize a renewable generation and increase a hosting capacity of distribution network. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Section: Literature Review On Transformer Limitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy limit of oil‐immersed transformers: A concept and its application in different climate conditions

Daminov

Prokhorov

Caire

et al. 2020

IET Generation Trans & Dist

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…By setting the corresponding constraints, the future load is solved directly or a Monte Carlo simulation method is used to obtain the future dynamic thermal rating [14,15]. Some studies have also quantified transformer constraints as the operational risk, which assessed the dynamic thermal rating from the perspectives of risk probability [16], failure probability [17,18], and demand side response [19,20] to grasp the transformer overload risk from a macroscopic perspective.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic thermal rating assessment of oil‐immersed power transformers for multiple operating conditions

et al. 2023

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In this article, the dynamic thermal rating assessment method of oil‐immersed power transformer with multiple operating conditions is proposed, considering the constraints of hot spot temperature (HST), top oil temperature, losses of life and the maximum allowable current of on‐load tap changer (OLTC) or bushing, which can determine the dynamic load curves under different operating conditions and give the most sensitive constraints to limit the dynamic load capacity. To improve the accuracy of HST estimation, the temperature estimation model is also improved and the thermal parameters are optimised using the HST measured by optical fibre. Finally, several application examples are studied for transformers in different scenarios. The results show that the normal cyclic dynamic transformer rating (DTR) is mainly limited by the losses of life when the ambient temperature is high, and the average load factor can be increased to 0.82 with a maximum load capacity of 1.23. The main limiting factor of short‐term DTR is the OLTC or bushing current constraint, and the average load factor can be increased to 1.00. The maximum load capacity of the transformer under both operating conditions is 23% and 50% higher than its rated load capacity, indicating that the transformer still has a large load potential available.

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Analysis of Heavy Load and Overload Distribution Transformer in Regional Power Grid

Cai¹,

Wang²,

Ma³

et al. 2018

2018 2nd IEEE Conference on Energy Internet and Energy System Integration (EI2)

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A two-stage overload strategy of oil-immersed transformers considering operation risk

Cited by 4 publications

References 14 publications

Energy limit of oil‐immersed transformers: A concept and its application in different climate conditions

Energy limit of oil‐immersed transformers: A concept and its application in different climate conditions

Dynamic thermal rating assessment of oil‐immersed power transformers for multiple operating conditions

Analysis of Heavy Load and Overload Distribution Transformer in Regional Power Grid

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