A two-photon AIEgen for simultaneous dual-color imaging of atherosclerotic plaques

Abstract

A smart color-switchable AIEgen for two-photon dual-color bioimaging of mouse atherosclerotic plaques with single-excitation is reported.

Stereotactic Photodynamic Therapy Using a Two‐Photon AIE Photosensitizer

“…Luminogens with AIE attributes (AIEgens) generally exhibit none or weak emission in solutions but enhanced emission in the aggregated or solid state . The superior quantum yields in aggregated state make them the ideal candidates for PDT application to offer efficient light‐sensitive ROS production and strong photoactivities . A variety of AIE TP‐PSs have found towardly applications for cancer cell ablation and brain‐blood‐vessel closure with effective therapeutic outcome .…”

Promising Applications of AIEgens in Animal Models

“…Situ et al performed 2PF imaging of atherosclerotic plaques with a fluorescence‐switchable AIEgen (IND, Figure A), which exhibited green and red fluorescence in lipid and water, respectively (Figure B), owing to its molecular packing mode transition from monomer (in lipid) to dimer (in water). Benefiting from the unique fluorescence‐switchable property and excellent atherosclerotic plaque‐targeting capacity of IND, when water was present on the surface of the arterial lumen it was stained by IND; thus, the different emissions under a single two‐photon excitation could be separately observed (Figure C).…”

“…G) Quantitative measurement of fluorescence signals of (F). Reproduced with permission . Copyright 2019, Royal Society of Chemistry.…”

Crystal structures, syntheses, and spectroscopic and electrochemical measurements of two push–pull chromophores: 2-[4-(dimethylamino)benzylidene]-1H-indene-1,3(2H)-dione and (E)-2-{3-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]allylidene}-1H-indene-1,3(2H)-dione

“…A search of the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD Version 5.40, update May 2019; Groom et al, 2016) for the substructure of ID[1] yielded 27 hits. Three of them, 2-(p-diethylaminobenzylidene)-1,3-indandione (CSD refcode TELWEM; Khodorkovsky et al, 1996), which has ethyl groups instead of methyl groups in the donor, 2-{[4-(diphenylamino)phenyl]methylidene}-1H-indene-1,3(2H)-dione (QENYEQ at 223 K: Hariharan et al, 2018; QENYEQ01 at 150 K: Redon et al, 2018), which has methyl groups in the donor, and 2-{[4-(dibutylamino)phenyl]methylidene}-1H-indene-1,3(2H)-dione (BIQYUY; Situ et al, 2019), which has butyl groups in the donor. In these three compounds, the benzene ring is inclined to the mean plane of the 2,3-dihydro-1H-indene ring system by 7.6 (2), 1.66 (6)/1.49 (9) and 5.71 (9) , for TELWEN, QENYEQ/QENYEQ01 and BIQYUY, respectively, compared to 3.19 (4) in ID [1].…”