A two-node mechanistic thermophysiological model for pigs reared in hot climates – Part 2: Model performance assessments

Huang, Tao; Rong, Li; Zhang, Guoqiang; Brandt, Pia; Bjerg, Bjarne; Pedersen, Poul; Granath, Simon W.L.

doi:10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2021.08.021

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Additionally, these recommendations [ 26 ] do not differentiate by sow reproductive stage, which is important because HS sensitivity becomes greater as gestation advances [ 31 , 62 , 63 ]. Although some efforts have been made to develop thermal indices and thresholds for pigs, these efforts have largely focused on the use of theoretical predictions [ 36 – 39 , 64 ], have had limited data collection in a relatively small number of non-pregnant sows [ 40 ], or have attempted to apply indices originally developed for cattle to pigs [ 65 ], and none to our knowledge have differentiated by reproductive stage or used behavioral metrics of thermal preference to identify comfortable temperature ranges for pigs. Therefore, our overall goal was to develop a swine specific decision support tool using both behavioral and thermoregulatory metrics derived from animal experimentation that would provide thermal recommendations for sows at three reproductive stages.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, THI may not be an accurate and precise predictor of HS in swine. Furthermore, although several swine specific thermal indices or prediction models have been proposed in recent years, these indices rely on the use of theoretical data or predictions [ 36 – 38 ] with validations on a small number ( n = 8) of animals [ 39 ], or limited data collection in a relatively small number of only non-pregnant sows [ 40 ], and none to our knowledge have incorporated both behavioral and physiological metrics of thermal stress and thermal comfort in pigs differentiated by reproductive stage. Therefore, the study objective was to develop a swine-specific decision support tool to predict thermal comfort and stress based on the thermoregulatory and behavioral responses of sows with current genetics at three reproductive stages (e.g., non-pregnant, mid-gestation, late-gestation).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A behavior and physiology-based decision support tool to predict thermal comfort and stress in non-pregnant, mid-gestation, and late-gestation sows

McConn

Schinckel

Robbins

et al. 2022

J Animal Sci Biotechnol

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Background Although thermal indices have been proposed for swine, none to our knowledge differentiate by reproductive stage or predict thermal comfort using behavioral and physiological data. The study objective was to develop a behavior and physiology-based decision support tool to predict thermal comfort and stress in multiparous (3.28 ± 0.81) non-pregnant (n = 11), mid-gestation (n = 13), and late-gestation (n = 12) sows. Results Regression analyses were performed using PROC MIXED in SAS 9.4 to determine the optimal environmental indicator [dry bulb temperature (TDB) and dew point] of heat stress (HS) in non-pregnant, mid-gestation, and late-gestation sows with respiration rate (RR) and body temperature (TB) successively used as the dependent variable in a cubic function. A linear relationship was observed for skin temperature (TS) indicating that TDB rather than the sow HS response impacted TS and so TS was excluded from further analyses. Reproductive stage was significant for all analyses (P < 0.05). Heat stress thresholds for each reproductive stage were calculated using the inflections points of RR for mild HS and TB for moderate and severe HS. Mild HS inflection points differed for non-pregnant, mid-gestation, and late gestation sows and occurred at 25.5, 25.1, and 24.0 °C, respectively. Moderate HS inflection points differed for non-pregnant, mid-gestation, and late gestation sows and occurred at 28.1, 27.8, and 25.5 °C, respectively. Severe HS inflection points were similar for non-pregnant and mid-gestation sows (32.9 °C) but differed for late-gestation sows (30.8 °C). These data were integrated with previously collected behavioral thermal preference data to estimate the TDB that non-pregnant, mid-gestation, and late-gestation sows found to be cool (TDB < TDB preference range), comfortable (TDB = TDB preference range), and warm (TDB preference range < TDB < mild HS). Conclusions The results of this study provide valuable information about thermal comfort and thermal stress thresholds in sows at three reproductive stages. The development of a behavior and physiology-based decision support tool to predict thermal comfort and stress in non-pregnant, mid-gestation, and late-gestation sows is expected to provide swine producers with a more accurate means of managing sow environments.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A behavior and physiology-based decision support tool to predict thermal comfort and stress in non-pregnant, mid-gestation, and late-gestation sows

McConn

Schinckel

Robbins

et al. 2022

J Animal Sci Biotechnol

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show abstract

“…(2020) are overlapping with findings from other studies. In their study, based on the establishment of a mechanistic thermophysiological model for sows (Huang et al., 2021a,b), Huang et al. (2022) concluded that when RH > 60%, the effect of a 10% increase in RH on the thermophysiological responses of gestating sows is equivalent to the effects of 1°C increase in ambient air temperature.…”

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Welfare of pigs during transport

Nielsen¹,

Álvarez²,

Bicout³

et al. 2022

EFS2

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In the framework of its Farm to Fork Strategy, the Commission is undertaking a comprehensive evaluation of the animal welfare legislation. The present Opinion deals with protection of pigs during transport. The welfare of pigs during transport by road is the main focus, but other means of transport are also covered. Current practices related to transport of pigs during the different stages (preparation, loading/unloading, transit and journey breaks) are described. Overall, 10 welfare consequences were identified as highly relevant for the welfare of pigs during transport based on the severity, duration and frequency of occurrence: group stress, handling stress, heat stress, injuries, motion stress, prolonged hunger, prolonged thirst, restriction of movement, resting problems and sensory overstimulation. These welfare consequences and their animal-based measures are described. A variety of hazards were identified, mainly relating to factors such as mixing of unfamiliar pigs, inappropriate handling methods and devices, the use of pick-up pens, inexperienced/untrained handlers, structural deficiencies of vehicles and facilities, poor driving conditions, unfavourable microclimatic and environmental conditions and poor husbandry practices leading to these welfare consequences. The Opinion contains general and specific conclusions relating to the different stages of transport of pigs. Recommendations to prevent hazards and to correct or mitigate welfare consequences are made. Recommendations were also developed to define quantitative thresholds for microclimatic conditions and minimum space allowance within means of transport. The development of the welfare consequences over time was assessed in relation to maximum journey duration. The Opinion covers specific animal transport scenarios identified by the European Commission relating to transport of cull sows and 'special health status animals', and lists welfare concerns associated with these.

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Investigating the feasibility of using computational fluid dynamics based response surface methodology and neural network to model the performance of the individualised ventilation in sow houses

Huang

Rong

Zhang

2022

Biosystems Engineering

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A two-node mechanistic thermophysiological model for pigs reared in hot climates – Part 2: Model performance assessments

Cited by 6 publications

References 27 publications

A behavior and physiology-based decision support tool to predict thermal comfort and stress in non-pregnant, mid-gestation, and late-gestation sows

A behavior and physiology-based decision support tool to predict thermal comfort and stress in non-pregnant, mid-gestation, and late-gestation sows

Welfare of pigs during transport

Investigating the feasibility of using computational fluid dynamics based response surface methodology and neural network to model the performance of the individualised ventilation in sow houses

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