A two-dimensional polymer prepared by organic synthesis

Kissel, Patrick; Erni, Rolf; Schweizer, W. Bernd; Rossell, Marta D.; King, Benjamin T.; Bauer, Thomas; Götzinger, Stephan; Schlüter, A. Dieter; Sakamoto, Junji

doi:10.1038/nchem.1265

Cited by 388 publications

(362 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…3 Apparently, there is a growing focus on freestanding nanomembranes (NMs) that are prepared by means of a variety of emerging approaches, such as organic synthesis, 4 bottom-up self-assembly, 5,6 and top-down thinning and shaping. 7,8 Understanding the mechanical motion of a NM in the regime of nanoscale thickness is of fundamental importance and also essential for potential applications in the NEMS as building blocks.…”

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confidence: 99%

Vibrational modes of ultrathin carbon nanomembrane mechanical resonators

Zhang

Waitz

Yang

et al. 2015

Applied Physics Letters

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We report measurements of vibrational mode shapes of mechanical resonators made from ultrathin carbon nanomembranes (CNMs) with a thickness of approximately 1 nm. CNMs are prepared from electron irradiation induced cross-linking of aromatic self-assembled monolayers and the variation of membrane thickness and/or density can be achieved by varying the precursor molecule. Singleand triple-layer freestanding CNMs were made by transferring them onto Si substrates with square/ rectangular orifices. The vibration of the membrane was actuated by applying a sinusoidal voltage to a piezoelectric disk on which the sample was glued. The vibrational mode shapes were visualized with an imaging Mirau interferometer using a stroboscopic light source. Several mode shapes of a square membrane can be readily identified and their dynamic behavior can be well described by linear response theory of a membrane with negligible bending rigidity. By applying Fourier transformations to the time-dependent surface profiles, the dispersion relation of the transverse membrane waves can be obtained and its linear behavior verifies the membrane model. By comparing the dispersion relation to an analytical model, the static stress of the membranes was determined and found to be caused by the fabrication process. V C 2015 AIP Publishing LLC.

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confidence: 99%

Vibrational modes of ultrathin carbon nanomembrane mechanical resonators

Zhang

Waitz

Yang

et al. 2015

Applied Physics Letters

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“…These remarkable phenomena have recently attracted research interest in 2D organic materials, including 2D polymers [7][8][9][10] and quasi-2D polymers. [11][12][13][14][15] The focus has mainly been on their chemical and biological properties and their applications as separation membranes, smart surfaces and sensors, and for catalysis and drug delivery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transferable, transparent and functional polymer@graphene 2D objects

Gao

Liu

et al. 2014

NPG Asia Mater

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Compared with inorganic two-dimensional (2D) materials, such as graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides, organic 2D materials are believed to possess more interesting chemical and biological properties for certain applications, such as separation membranes, smart surfaces, sensors, catalysis and drug delivery. However, the study of organic 2D materials is largely hindered because of the lack of effective methods to produce them. This paper presents a new type of organic 2D material, namely 'polymer@graphene 2D objects', that can be synthesized via a simple and scalable chemistry. Polymer@graphene 2D objects are made of functional polymer brushes that tether one end of the polymer chain on the surface of graphene sheets via non-covalent p-p stacking interactions. These materials are transparent, freestanding, lightweight, flexible, transferable to various substrates with good stability and are patternable into different structures. Their functionality can be tailored by changing the polymer brushes that are immobilized. In this paper, we demonstrate the applications of these 2D objects in the smart control of surface wettability and DNA biosensors. INTRODUCTION Two-dimensional (2D) inorganic materials including graphene 1-3 and various transition metal dichalcogenides 4-6 have received tremendous attention in the past decade because of their unique properties and wide applications in optics and electronics. These remarkable phenomena have recently attracted research interest in 2D organic materials, including 2D polymers 7-10 and quasi-2D polymers. [11][12][13][14][15] The focus has mainly been on their chemical and biological properties and their applications as separation membranes, smart surfaces and sensors, and for catalysis and drug delivery. However, the 2D polymers reported to date are only limited to very specific building blocks and microscale sizes because of the lack of robust methods to produce them. On the other hand, the preparation of quasi-2D polymers either requires the undesirable crosslinking of the materials, using expensive and opaque novel metal supports, or high-energy electron beams. 16,17 Therefore, the investigation of the fundamental properties as well as practical applications of these organic 2D materials have remained largely hindered.In this paper, we report the development of a new type of functional organic 2D material, namely 'polymer@graphene 2D objects' , which are prepared in a cost-effective and high-throughput manner. Polymer@graphene 2D objects are made of functional

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“…The second approach rests upon monomer M3 and its photoinduced polymerization in the single crystal [23]. For that purpose, suitable single crystals were grown and analyzed for their internal structure.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Putting aromatic compounds to work: Rational synthesis of organic 2D polymers

Schlüter

Sakamoto

2012

Pure and Applied Chemistry

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This contribution describes two different approaches aimed at the synthesis of monolayer molecular sheets with internal order, or, in other words, 2D polymers. First, an interfacial strategy is presented in which terpyridene-based hexafunctional monomers spread at the air/water interface are connected to one another with the help of metal salts. While this approach leads to micrometer-sized monolayer sheets that are mechanically stable enough to be spanned over several micrometer-sized holes, their internal structure could not yet be proven. The second approach rests upon solid-state photochemistry, and properly designed monomers are covalently connected with one another while being held in layered geometries owing to crystal packing. Exfoliation to single sheets can be achieved, and molecular structure is supported by a Raman spectroscopic analysis. We consider this the first case of a rational synthesis of 2D polymers and briefly touch on the impact this may have.

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A two-dimensional polymer prepared by organic synthesis

Cited by 388 publications

References 37 publications

Vibrational modes of ultrathin carbon nanomembrane mechanical resonators

Vibrational modes of ultrathin carbon nanomembrane mechanical resonators

Transferable, transparent and functional polymer@graphene 2D objects

Putting aromatic compounds to work: Rational synthesis of organic 2D polymers

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