A turbulent Eulerian multi-fluid model for homogeneous nucleation of water vapour in transonic flow

Multi-phase model development to assess RCIC system capabilities under severe accident conditions

“…Turbulence modeling for condensing steam flow is usually limited to a two-equation approach, typically a modified k-ε formulation which retains special source/sink terms for dispersed phase effects. A third equation for dispersed phase turbulence kinetic energy is sometimes added [Ma et al, 2009] if inter-phase slip (dispersed phase velocity) is not neglected. Some basic concepts of two-equation turbulence modeling are reviewed below as are the special modifications necessary for application to compressible condensing steam flow.…”

Numerical simulation of binary-gas condensation characteristics in supersonic nozzles

“…A great deal of recent scientific research has focused on the gas flow characteristics and separation performance of a significant part of the supersonic swirling separator-Laval nozzle (Liu et al, 2005;Jassim et al, 2008;Jiang et al, 2009;Ma et al, 2009Ma et al, , 2010Malyshkina, 2009;Malyshkina, 2010;Wen et al, 2012(a); Wen et al, 2012(b); Wen et al, 2013), in which the condensation primarily occurs. Some studies on the binary-gas or multi-gas system were also carried out.…”

Experimental and numerical studies on self-excited periodic oscillation of vapor condensation in a sonic nozzle

“…Generally, the working fluid of the sonic nozzle is either atmospheric or compressed air or some other gas. It is well known that all of them are not usually dry, and the water vapor in moist gas will reach saturation and enter into supersaturation along with the drop of temperature the expanding gas through a sonic nozzle [3][4][5], which easily appears the non-equilibrium condensation phenomena [6]. Therefore, it is necessary to discuss and determine the effect of vapor condensation on the flow field and mass flow-rate of the sonic nozzle.…”