A tunable immitance simulator with a voltage differential current conveyor

Abstract

METIN, B.; ATASOYU, M.; ARSLAN, E.; HERENCSÁR, N.; CICEKOGLU, O. IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works. METIN, B.; ATASOYU, M.; ARSLAN, E.; HERENCSÁR, N.; CICEKOGLU, O., "A Tunable Immitance Simulator with a Voltage Differential Current Conveyor.Abstract-In this paper, an electronically tunable immitance circuit is proposed. The presented circuit can be configured as a tunable grounded inductor or capacitor multiplier. The proposed circuit employs a single active element called Voltage Differential Current Conveyor, a single resistor and a single capacitor. The presented circuit does not require element matching constraints. It is linearly tunable over four decades of frequency using bias current control. Simulation results are included to verify theory.

A Single Parameter Voltage Adjustable Immittance Topology for Integer- and Fractional-Order Design Using Modular Active CMOS Devices

“…Content may change prior to final publication. According to the survey presented in Table 1, the following conclusions were established: a) Maximally two simple [14], [15] or one single active device composed from internal subparts [12], [13], [16]- [27], where some devices have more sophisticated internal complexity [19]- [22], are sufficient for construction of a capacitance multiplier, b) Most of the proposed topologies offer only one type of the requested immittance character (C eq or L eq ), both functions are available rarely [24]- [26], c) Most of the solutions use a driving current for the nonlinear adjustment of nonlinear transconductance (for large values of input voltage) in simple or basic OTA topologies [12]- [25], d) In many cases, dependence of transconductance on the bias driving current (or directly on bias voltage) is nonlinear (CMOS concepts) [13], [14], [16], [17], [19]- [25], [27] (linear only for active devices with internal structures based on bipolar transistors [12], [15]) and the nonlinearity of parameter adjustment has also an impact on the character of tuning of C eq , e) Additional conversion (and linearization) of the driving current to DC voltage is required in many cases for adjustability range extension, except of [26] (lack of straightforward linear adjustment by control voltage in almost all cases), f) All solutions require also a passive parameter (except the controllable transconductance) for scalability of the adjustable range and, g) Only several solutions were tested experimentally [14], [18], [20], [21] and for fractional-order design.…”

Electronic Tunability and Cancellation of Serial Losses in Wire Coils

“…These devices allow the adjustment of the multiplication or conversion constant; thus, they also ensure electronic adjustability. They are known as impedance multipliers, intended especially for large-range variation in capacitance values (see, for example, [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ] and references cited therein) or inductance values converted from capacitance values (examples available in [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ] and references cited therein). These impedance multipliers and converters are very popular for so-called fractional-order designs [ 25 ].…”

“…Therefore, the final devices are significantly smaller (typically comparable to a package of standard 0.5 W or smaller resistors fabricated in through-hole assembling technology) than wire-based bulky and heavy coils. Unfortunately, standardization of the usage of real inductors in common practice in electronically adjustable systems has several issues, namely (a) the absence of the electronic adjustability of inductance values, (b) the real serial resistance of fabricated inductors (the full inductance modeling involves also other parasitic elements [ 3 ], but serial resistance ( R S in Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 ) is the most significant issue [ 14 , 22 ]) and (c) if active inductors based on impedance simulators (converters) are used, there is an identical problem with serial resistance [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ].…”