“…The incident electromagnetic wave will be coupled and interacted with metamaterial to show the negative refractive index [ 3 , 4 ], wavefront manipulation, perfect absorption, and phase modulation, which are widely used in many optoelectronics applications [ 5 ]. These advantages prompt it to be extensively adapted for visible light [ 6 , 7 , 8 ], infrared (IR) light [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ], terahertz (THz) frequency [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ], etc. Therefore, metamaterials have been reported in many types of research and investigations in couplers [ 19 ], antennas [ 20 , 21 , 22 ], metalens [ 23 , 24 ], programmable logic devices [ 25 , 26 , 27 ], and sensors [ 28 , 29 , 30 ] fields.…”