A tsunami (ca. 6300 years BP) and other Holocene environmental changes, northern Hawke's Bay, New Zealand

Chagué‐Goff, Catherine; Dawson, Sue; Goff, James; Zachariasen, Judith; Berryman, Kelvin; Garnett, D.L.; Waldron, Helen; Mildenhall, D. C.

doi:10.1016/s0037-0738(01)00269-x

Cited by 93 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…4). The tsunami deposit at Te Paeroa Lagoon has been dated at 6300 yr BP and extends at least 2 km inland (Chague- Goff et al 2002). The size of tsunami inferred from this landward extent indicates it is likely to have impacted other sites along the coast.…”

Section: Origin Of High-energy Influxesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Towards a record of Holocene tsunami and storms for northern Hawke's Bay, New Zealand

Cochran¹,

Berryman

Mildenhall

et al. 2005

New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics

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Eleven sand layers occur within Holocene lowenergy estuarine and marginal marine sequences of blue-grey silty clay at two sites on the coastal plain between Wairoa and Mahia Peninsula, northern Hawke's Bay, New Zealand. The sedimentology and fossil assemblages of these layers are consistent with deposition by high-energy influxes to the sites. Three influxes are terrestrial in nature and are thought to represent alluvial flood events. All other sand layers are marine derived and are likely to be the result of storm surges or tsunami. Tsunami inundation is favoured for two sand layers that occur in association with evidence for sudden subsidence at c. 6300 and c. 4800 yr BP The c. 6300 yr inundation also coincides with previously identified evidence for a tsunami at a site 10 km westwards along the coast. Further investigation is required to distinguish between tsunami and storm surge deposition for the remaining six layers.

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Section: Origin Of High-energy Influxesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Towards a record of Holocene tsunami and storms for northern Hawke's Bay, New Zealand

Cochran¹,

Berryman

Mildenhall

et al. 2005

New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics

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“…(North Island/NW Nelson?) (e.g Bell et al 2004;Chagué-Goff et al 2002;Goff et al 2000Goff et al , 2009McFadgen 2007)…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a palaeotsunami database for New Zealand

2009

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A New Zealand palaeotsunami database has been developed. The philosophy has been to include as much tsunami-related data as possible. Most of the events recorded are true palaeotsunamis that occurred prior to the historical record or have no written observations. Some are hybrids that are in some manner poorly recorded historical events. Data include physical evidence from geological, archaeological and geomorphological sources and cultural information from anthropological research and prehistorical Māori oral recordings. Each line of data represents a summary of one piece of evidence containing key details listed under a series of headings. The estimated veracity of each line item is based upon the sum of the information contained in the linked reference(s). The palaeotsunami database contains approximately 300 line items and describes between 35 and 40 palaeotsunamis. This wealth of data helps to improve our understanding of tsunami sources, event its magnitude and frequency.

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“…The results of this study show that trace element correlations with Fe 2 O 3 and/or sulfur are also useful chemical parameters for identifying tsunami deposits. However, arsenic is regarded as the most suitable indicator element for such studies due to enrichment in anoxic condition and seawater (Szczuciński et al 2005;Chagué-Goff et al 2002). High abundances of Pb, Zn, Cu and Ni seen in this study are also useful indicators, because these elements are relatively abundant in seawater and marine sediments (Dellwig et al 2002).…”

Section: Special Features Of the Sedimentsmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…Positive correlations of these elements with total sulfur suggest that their source was seawater (Dellwig et al 2002). This further implies that Cl and Br enrichment is an intrinsic signature of tsunami sediments, and hence these elements have used to study tsunami, palaeosalinity, and sea level changes (Szczuciński et al 2005;López-Buendía et al 1999;Chagué-Goff et al 2002). However, iodine is depleted in the tsunami sediments relative to the pre- tsunami deposits, and shows negative correlation with sulfur (Figs.…”

Section: Special Features Of the Sedimentsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Geochemistry of surface sediments in tsunami-affected Sri Lankan lagoons regarding environmental implications

Jayawardana

Ishiga

Pitawala

2011

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The December 26, 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami was one of the largest in human history, devastating the coastal wetlands of surrounding countries. This study present the chemical analyses of tsunamigenic and pretsunami sediments from Hikkaduwa and Hambantota lagoons in southern Sri Lanka, to assess their geochemical composition, their source, and subsequent environmental impacts. Principal component analysis of the tsunami sediments shows that 42% of the total variance is accounted for calcium oxide and Sr. That is, the tsunami deposits are rich in biogenic phases derived from shallow marine sediments. High organic matter contents of the tsunami sediments of up to 80 wt% also support this interpretation. The association of chlorine (\9.4 wt%), brome (\170 mg/kg), arsenic (\17 mg/kg), iron (III) oxide (\12.9 wt%) and sulfur (\7.6 wt%) accounts for 33% of the variance, reflecting higher salinity. This further suggests that the sediments were mainly derived from a marine environment, rather than from non-marine sands and/or soils. Immobile element contents and relations (thorium, scandium and zirconium) suggest that the tsunami sediment source was mostly felsic in composition, with some mafic component, and mixed with predominantly shallow marine shelf or slope sediments. Additional compositional variations in the tsunami sediments in both lagoons may be associated with variations of wave strength along the coast and by the morphology of the continental shelf. Lower elemental abundances in Hambantota lagoon sediments compared to Hikkaduwa equivalents may thus reflect a greater non-marine component in the former, and greater shelf sediment component in the latter.

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A tsunami (ca. 6300 years BP) and other Holocene environmental changes, northern Hawke's Bay, New Zealand

Cited by 93 publications

References 31 publications

Towards a record of Holocene tsunami and storms for northern Hawke's Bay, New Zealand

Towards a record of Holocene tsunami and storms for northern Hawke's Bay, New Zealand

Development of a palaeotsunami database for New Zealand

Geochemistry of surface sediments in tsunami-affected Sri Lankan lagoons regarding environmental implications

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