A Tribute to Lewis Wolpert and His Ideas on the 50th Anniversary of the Publication of His Paper ‘Positional Information and the Spatial Pattern of Differentiation’. Evidence for a Timing Mechanism for Setting Up the Vertebrate Anterior-Posterior (A-P) Axis

Durston, Antony J.

doi:10.3390/ijms21072552

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Some developmental models setup an abstract theoretical framework for the guiding principles like the positional information theory of L. Wolpert [29,30]. In contrast, many other models are proposed which deal with more concrete phenomena equally important.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Experiments Raised Doubt On the Vertebrate Temporal Collinearity of the Hox Genes. A Biophysical Model May Reconcile the Conflicting Findings

Papageorgiou¹

2021

Preprint

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Hox gene collinearity (HGC) is a multiscalar property of many animal phyla particularly important during embryogenesis. It relates events occurring in Hox clusters inside the chromosome DNA and embryonic tissues. These two entities differ in size by more than four orders of magnitude. HGC is observed as spatial collinearity (SC) where the Hox genes are located in the order H1, H2, H3 … along the 3’ to 5’ direction of the DNA sequence. The corresponding embryonic tissues (E1, E2, E3, …) are activated along the Anterior – Posterior axis in the same order. Besides this collinearity a temporal collinearity (TC) has been also observed in many vertebrates. According to TC first is H1 expressed in E1, later is H2 in E2, followed by H3,… Lately doubt has been raised whether TC really exists. A biophysical model (BM) has been formulated and tested in the last twenty years. According to BM, physical forces are created which pull the Hox genes one after the other driving them to a transcription factory domain where they are transcribed. The existing experiments support this BM description. In the present work two equivalent realizations of BM are presented which explain the recent findings on TC as observed in the vertebrates.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Experiments Raised Doubt On the Vertebrate Temporal Collinearity of the Hox Genes. A Biophysical Model May Reconcile the Conflicting Findings

Papageorgiou¹

2021

Preprint

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“…The essence of these concepts is that there is a selected set of molecules for real time spatial co-ordination of cells, identical across many species and across different developmental stages and tissues [4,5]. The discovery of Hox gene codes in vertebrates has significantly vindicated Wolpert's spatial-value concept, while identification of growth-factor morphogens in other species has supported the idea of positional information [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrulation: The mechanism of the spiritual living body

Abdelrazak Mansour Ali,

Ahmed Abdelrazak Ali

2023

Int. J. Sci. Res. Arch.

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This novel study would describe a new notion about the spirit, whose eternity should anticipate that it couldn’t be incorporated into our cells, rather a particular cell gene would develop during the embryonic period which could receive and decode the higher informational learning knowledge of the Spiritual energy. Gastrulation is a key developmental process during which embryonic pluripotent stem cells of the blastula reorganize into lineage-committed precursor cells to form the gastrula. Gastrulation takes place after cleavage and the formation of the blastula. The inner cell mass of embryo is pluripotent during this stage, meaning that each cell has the potential to differentiate into any cell type in the human body (organogenesis). When individual organs develop within the newly formed germ layers, then each layer gives rise to specific tissues and organs in the developing embryo. The nodal signaling pathway has a significant role in regional and cellular differentiation during development. The nodal family of proteins, a subset of the transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) superfamily is responsible for patterning of the nervous system, It is evident that the embryo is formed in the third week post-fertilization and is accompanied by the process of brain formation that requires regulatory signals for the cells by a variety of genes that work like a communication network, during which the pluripotent embryonic stem cells and the signal induction of the homeobox genes are reorganized to plan the development and the future of embryo. Organizational plan does not take place unless a maximum information momentum is available with the highest concentration of information energy. This is the right time to blow the spirit to supply informational energy. Spirit is the eternal energy of universal cosmic information that formulate the higher cognition and consciousness of the human being, specifically, Adam’s sons.

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A Tribute to Lewis Wolpert and His Ideas on the 50th Anniversary of the Publication of His Paper ‘Positional Information and the Spatial Pattern of Differentiation’. Evidence for a Timing Mechanism for Setting Up the Vertebrate Anterior-Posterior (A-P) Axis

Cited by 2 publications

References 58 publications

Recent Experiments Raised Doubt On the Vertebrate Temporal Collinearity of the Hox Genes. A Biophysical Model May Reconcile the Conflicting Findings

Recent Experiments Raised Doubt On the Vertebrate Temporal Collinearity of the Hox Genes. A Biophysical Model May Reconcile the Conflicting Findings

Gastrulation: The mechanism of the spiritual living body

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