A waste-plastic-material-based triboelectric nanogenerator
(W-TENG)
from green manufacturing technology is urgently needed in response
to sustainable development of smart cities. However, the low output
charge density of the previous W-TENGs impedes them from going further
in real applications. Toward this issue, an attractive PP/PS composite
tribo-layer entirely based on wasted materials is developed in this
work. Benefiting from the synergistic effect of the excellent tribo-negative
property of PP and strong charge trapping ability of PS, a discarded
take-out-box-based TENG (TB-TENG) with high output charge density
is presented. The maximum output charge density of TB-TENG reached
16.5 nC/cm2, which
is in a leading position among waste material based TENGs and comparable
to that of TENGs based on commonly used fluorine-containing polymer
materials. To apply in a smart city, we have remodeled the TB-TENG
as a smart energy floor to power multiple functional electronics,
such as LEDs, a household hygrometer, and a wireless lighting system
through harvesting energy from human or vehicle movement. Moreover,
an approach of on-road vehicle speed detection is also established
when the TB-TENG serves as a self-powered speed sensor in traffic
surveillance systems. This work demonstrates a promising example of
using a waste take-out box to design a high output and ecofriendly
TENG.